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Cobalt chloride Struktur

Cobaltchlorid

Bezeichnung:Cobaltchlorid

CAS-Nr7646-79-9

Englisch Name:Cobalt chloride

CBNumberCB8226062

SummenformelCl2Co

Molgewicht129.84

MOL-Datei7646-79-9.mol

Synonyma

Cobaltdichlorid

Cobaltchlorid

Kobalt(II)-chlorid

Cobaltchlorid physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt

724 °C(lit.)

Siedepunkt

1049 °C

Dichte

3.35

Dampfdruck

40 mm Hg ( 0 °C)

Flammpunkt

500°C

storage temp.

Store below +30°C.

Löslichkeit

585.9g/l soluble

Aggregatzustand

beads

Farbe

Pale blue

Wichte

3.356

pH (50g/l, 25℃) : >=3.0

Wasserlöslichkeit

soluble

Sensitive

Hygroscopic

Crystal Structure

CdCl2 type

crystal system

Three sides

Sublimation

500 ºC

Merck

14,2437

Space group

R3m

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	T,N
R-Sätze:	49-42/43-52/53-50/53-22-68-41-60-51/53
S-Sätze:	53-23-36/37-45-60-61-22-39-26
RIDADR	UN 2923 8/PG 3
WGK Germany	2
RTECS-Nr.	GF9800000
F	9-21
TSCA	Yes
HazardClass	8
PackingGroup	III
HS Code	28273930
Giftige Stoffe Daten	7646-79-9(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität	LD50 in mice, rats (mg/kg): 360.0, 171.0 orally; 92.6, 36.9 i.p.; 23.3, 4.3 i.v. (Singh, Junnarkar)

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Cobalt chloride Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
BLASSBLAUES HYGROSKOPISCHES PULVER. ROSAFäRBUNG BEI KONTAKT MIT LUFT UND FEUCHTIGKEIT.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert mit Oxidationsmitteln.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV:(als Co) 0.02 mg/m?(als TWA); Krebskategorie: A3; BEI vorhanden; (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Hautkontakt kann zu Hautsensibilisierung führen. Wiederholte oder andauernde Inhalation kann asthmatische Beschwerden hervorrufen. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf Herz, Schilddrüseund Knochenmark. Möglicherweise krebserzeugend für den Menschen. Tierversuche zeigen, dass die Substanz möglicherweise fruchtbarkeitsschädigend oder entwicklungsschädigend wirken kann.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P3-Filter für giftige Partikel.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R49:Kann Krebs erzeugen beim Einatmen.
R42/43:Sensibilisierung durch Einatmen und Hautkontakt möglich.
R52/53:Schädlich für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S53:Exposition vermeiden - vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.
S23:Gas/Rauch/Dampf/Aerosol nicht einatmen(geeignete Bezeichnung(en) vom Hersteller anzugeben).
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Behälter sind als gefährlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
Beschreibung
blue crystals (anhydrous)
violet-blue (dihydrate)
rose red crystals (hexahydrate)
Sinks and mixes with water. Pale blue leaflets, turns pink upon exposure to moist air.
Chemische Eigenschaften
(1) Blue, (2) ruby-red crystals.Soluble in water, alcohol, and acetone.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Blue leaflets; turns pink in moist air; hygroscopic; the dihydrate is violet blue crystal; the hexahydrate is pink monoclinic crystal; density 3.36, 2.48 and 1.92 g/cm3 for anhydrous salt, dihydrate and hexahydrate, respectively; anhydrous salt melts at 740°C and vaporizes at 1,049°C; vapor pressure 60 torr at 801°C; the hexahydrate decomposes at 87°C; the anhydrous salt and the hydrates are all soluble in water, ethanol, acetone, and ether; the solubility of hydrates in water is greater than the anhydrous salt.
Verwenden
Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) is used to manufacture vitamin B12, even though the compound itself can cause damage to red blood cells. It is also used as a dye mordant (to fix the dye to the textile so that it will not run). It is also of use in manufacturing solid lubricants, as an additive to fertilizers, as a chemical reagent in laboratories, and as an absorbent in gas masks, electroplating, and the manufacture of vitamin B12.
Verwenden
Absorbent for ammonia, gas masks, electroplating, sympathetic inks, hygrometers, manufacture of vitamin B 12, flux for magnesium refining, solid lubricant, dye mordant, catalyst, barometers, laboratory reagent, fertilizer additive.
Verwenden
Cobalt(II) chloride is used in humidity indicator in weather instruments. In the anhydrous form, it finds use in electroplating of cobalt, in organic chemistry and is a precursor to cobaltocene, (bis(cyclopentadienyl)cobalt(II), which is a good reducing agent. It also serves as a Lewis acid. Cobalt chloride is an indicator for water in desiccants, owing to the reversible hydration/dehydration coupled with distinct color change. Cobalt chloride is useful for producing invisible ink as it turns blue when heated and becomes invisible once it gets cooled. Cobalt(II) chloride catalyzes cross coupling of aryl halides or vinyl halides with aryl grignard reagents in excellent yields.
Definition
ChEBI: A cobalt salt in which the cobalt metal is in the +2 oxidation state and the counter-anion is chloride. It is used as an indicator for water in desiccants.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Cobalt(II) chloride is an anhydrous cobalt salt. Cobalt(II) chloride participates in the synthesis of various esters in the presence of acetonitrile.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Hygroscopic. Soluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
A 0.2 molar aqueous solution has a pH of 4.6. Cobalt chloride acts as a weakly acidic inorganic salt, which is soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. Many of these compounds catalyze organic reactions. Potassium or sodium metals act to reduce metal halides, producing exothermic reactions, even explosions [Bretherick, 5th Ed., 1995].
Hazard
May not be used in food products (FDA). Can cause blood damage.
Health Hazard
Inhalation causes respiratory disease, shortness of breath, and coughing; permanent disability may occur. Ingestion causes pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Contact causes irritation of eyes and may cause skin rash.
Brandgefahr
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic cobalt oxide fumes may form in fire.
Flammability and Explosibility
Not classified
Biochem/physiol Actions
Cobalt chloride induces hypoxia condition in cells by upregulating hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), erythropoietin and glycolytic enzymes. It is also responsible for mitochondrial DNA damage in rat neuronal PC12 cells. It is also responsible for the induction of apoptosis.Cobalt chloride 0.1M solution is an additive screening solution of Additive Screening Kit. Additive Screen kit is designed to allow rapid and convenient evaluation of additives and their ability to influence the crystallization of the sample. The Additive Kit provides a tool for refining crystallization conditions.
Sicherheitsprofil
Suspected carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic data. Poison experimentally by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, intravenous, and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic to humans by ingestion. Human systemic effects by ingestion: anorexia, goiter (increased thyroid size), and weight loss. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. Incompatible with metals (e.g., sodmm and potassium). See also COBALT. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-.
läuterung methode
A saturated aqueous solution at room temperature is fractionally crystallised by standing overnight. The first half of the material that crystallises in this way is used in the next crystallisation. The process is repeated several times, water being removed in a dry-box using air filtered through glass wool and dried over CaCl2 [Hutchinson J Am Chem Soc 76 1022 1954]. It has also been crystallised from dilute aqueous HCl. The hexahydrate m 86o forms pink to red deliquescent crystals. It loses 4H2O on heating at 52-56o and forms the violet dihydrate which loses a further H2O at 100o to form the violet monohydrate which loses the last H2O at 120-140o to give the pale blue anhydrous deliquescent salt m 735o and b 1049o. A pink solution of CoCl2 in H2O becomes blue on heating to 50o or adding conc HCl which may precipitate the mono or dihydrate. The solid dihydrate gives a blue-purple solution with EtOH. Note: CoCl2 in H2O is a “sympathetic ink”, i.e. writing using an aqueous solution is almost invisible on paper, but becomes blue on warming the paper. On cooling or standing, the writing becomes invisible again. The anhydrous salt is soluble in H2O, EtOH, Et2O, Me2CO and pyridine. [Glemser in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1515 1965.]

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