Acetylchlorid

Bezeichnung:Acetylchlorid

CAS-Nr75-36-5

Englisch Name:Acetyl chloride

CBNumberCB4485487

SummenformelC2H3ClO

Molgewicht78.5

MOL-Datei75-36-5.mol

Synonyma

Acetylchlorid

Chloracetyl

Ethanoylchlorid

Acetylchlorid physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	-112 °C
Siedepunkt	52 °C(lit.)
Dichte	1.104 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Dampfdichte	2.7 (vs air)
Dampfdruck	11.69 psi ( 20 °C)
Brechungsindex	n20/D 1.389(lit.)
Flammpunkt	40 °F
storage temp.	Store below +15°C.
Löslichkeit	Miscible with acetone, chloroform, glacial acetic acid, petroleum ether, ether and benzene.
Aggregatzustand	Liquid
Wichte	approximate 1.11
Farbe	Clear colorless
Geruch (Odor)	Strong pungent odor
Explosionsgrenze	7.3-19%(V)
Wasserlöslichkeit	Decomposes violently in water
Sensitive	Moisture Sensitive
Merck	14,85
BRN	605303
Dielectric constant	16.9（2℃）
Stabilität	Stability Highly flammable. Reacts violently with DMSO, water, lower alcohols, and amines to generate toxic fumes. May form an explosive mixture with air. Note low flash point. Incompatible with water, alcohols, amines, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, most common metals.
InChIKey	WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Datenbank	75-36-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen	Acetyl chloride(75-36-5)
EPA chemische Informationen	Acetyl chloride (75-36-5)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	F,C,Xn
R-Sätze:	11-14-34-40-36/38
S-Sätze:	9-16-26-45-1/2-36/37
RIDADR	UN 1717 3/PG 2
WGK Germany	1
RTECS-Nr.	AO6390000
F	3
Selbstentzündungstemperatur	390 °C DIN 51794
TSCA	Yes
HazardClass	3
PackingGroup	II
HS Code	29159080
Giftige Stoffe Daten	75-36-5(Hazardous Substances Data)

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Acetyl chloride Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE RAUCHENDE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT STECHENDEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft und können sich am Boden ausbreiten. Fernzündung möglich.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen und Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger und ätzender Rauche mit Chlorwasserstoff (s. ICSC 0163) und Phosgen (s. ICSC 0007). Reagiert sehr heftig mit Wasser, Alkoholen, Säuren, Basen, bestimmten pulverförmigen Metallen und vielen anderen Verbindungen. Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Greift viele Metalle in Gegenwart von Wasser an. Hydrolyseprodukte in Wasser sind u.a. ätzende Salzsäure und Essigsäure.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann sehr schnell eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Der Dampf reizt die Augen und die Atemwege. Die Substanz verätzt die Augen und die Haut. ätzend beim Verschlucken. Inhalation des Dampfes kann zu Lungenödem führen (s. Anm.). Exposition kann zu Bewusstlosigkeit führen. Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verzögert ein. ärztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Hautkontakt kann Dermatitis hervorrufen. Risiko der Lungenschädigung bei Inhalation hoher Dampfkonzentrationen.
LECKAGE
Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Fachmann zu Rate ziehen! Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Vollschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R14:Reagiert heftig mit Wasser.
R34:Verursacht Verätzungen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S9:Behälter an einem gut gelüfteten Ort aufbewahren.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S1/2:Unter Verschluss und für Kinder unzugänglich aufbewahren.
Beschreibung
Acetic chloride is a colourless to light yellow liquid with a pungent and choking odour. Acetic chloride is highly flammable and reacts violently with DMSO, water, lower alcohols, and amines to generate toxic fumes. Along with air, acetic chloride may form an explosive mixture. It is incompatible with water, alcohols, amines, strong bases, strong oxidising agents, and most common metals. On decomposition when heated, acetic chloride produces carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and phosgene.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Acetic chloride is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a pungent and choking odor. Acetic chloride is highly flammable, reacts violently with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), water, lower alcohols, and amines to generate toxic fumes. Together with air, acetic chloride may form an explosive mixture. It is incompatible with water, alcohols, amines, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, and most common metals. On decomposition when heated, acetic chloride produces carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and phosgene.
Chemische Eigenschaften
colourless to light yellow liquid with a pungent
Chemische Eigenschaften
Acetyl chloride is a highly flammable, colorless, fuming liquid with a pungent odor
Verwenden
Acetyl chloride acts as a reagent for the preparation of esters and amides of acetic acid. It is also useful an important reactant in Friedel-Crafts reactions as well as the introduction of an acetyl group. It serves as a starting material in the production of pharmaceutical, new plating complexing agent, acylation agent and synthetic organic intermediates.
Verwenden
Acetyl chloride can be used as:
- A degradation agent in the degradation of polyoxyethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers to determine the degree of ethoxylation using chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS).
- A reagent with alcohols for the esterification of carboxylic acids, N-boc deprotection, and phosphoramide solvolysis reactions.
Verwenden
Acetylating agent; in testing for cholesterol, determination of H2O in organic liquids.
Definition
A liquid acyl chloride used as an acetylating agent.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A colorless, fuming liquid with a pungent odor. Density 9.2 lb / gal. Flash point 40°F. Vapor, which is heavier than air, irritates the eyes and mucous membranes. Corrosive to metals and tissue.
Acetyl chloride, CH30CCI, can be prepared by treatment ofacetic acid with various reagents, such as PCl3 SOCl2 or COCI2. It can be prepared by chlorination of acetic anhydride in several different ways, by reaction of methyl chloride with carbon monoxide in the presence of catalysts, by reaction ofketene with HCI, or by partial hydrolysis of 1, 1, l-trichloroethane, Acetyl chloride hydrolyzes in the presence of water to give acetic acid. It reacts with ammonia and amines to give acetamides. Reaction with alcohols gives the corresponding acetate esters. Acetyl chloride will add across unsaturated bonds in the presence ofsuitable catalysts to give halogenated ketones.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Acetyl chloride reacts violently with water, steam, methanol or ethanol to form hydrogen chloride and acetic acid. Reacts vigorously with bases, both organic and inorganic. Incompatible with oxidizing agents and alcohols. Produces highly toxic fumes of phosgene gas and chlorine when heated to decomposition [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 35]. Reaction in a confined space with even a small amount of water may cause a violent eruption of gases [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 281]. Vapor forms an explosive mixture with air [Kirk-Othmer, 3rd ed., Vol. 1, 1978, p. 162]. Polymerization reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide is particularly violent [Buckley, A., J. Chem. Ed., 1965, 42, p. 674]. May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].
Health Hazard
Vapor irritates mucous membranes. Ingestion of liquid or contact with eyes or skin causes severe irritation.
Health Hazard
Exposure to acetic chloride causes severe health effects. It is corrosive and causes severe skin burns. On contact with the eyes and skin and accidental ingestion, acetic chloride causes permanent eye damage and serious burns to the mouth and stomach. The spray mist or liquid causes tissue damage (mucous membranes of eyes, mouth, and upper respiratory tract). Inhalation of the spray mist causes severe irritation of the respiratory tract, with symptoms of a burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Prolonged periods of inhalation of acetic chloride may be fatal as a result of spasm, infl ammation, and edema of the larynx and bronchi, chemical pneumonitis, and pulmonary edema characterized by coughing, choking, or shortness of breath. However, there is no published information about the carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity, and developmental toxicity of acetic chloride in animals and humans.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by inhalation. Moderately toxic by ingestion. A human systemic irritant by inhalation. Violent hydrolysis reaction with water or steam produces heat, acetic acid, HCl, and other corrosive chlorides. May decompose during preparation. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Explosion hazard by spontaneous chemical reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide or ethanol. Also incompatible with Pcb. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of phosgene and Cl-. To fight fire, use CO2 or dry chemical. See also CHLORIDES
mögliche Exposition
Acetyl chloride is used in organic synthesis as an acetylating agent and in testing for water and/ or cholesterol in organic liquids, in the pharmaceutical industry and in pesticide manufacture.
Lager
Acetic chloride should be stored in a segregated and approved area, away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, alkalis and moisture. The container of acetic chloride should be kept in a cool, well-ventilated area, tightly sealed until ready for use. Users should avoid all possible sources of ignition, i.e., spark or flames.
Versand/Shipping
UN1717 Acetyl chloride, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, 8-Corrosive material
läuterung methode
Reflux acetyl chloride with PCl5 for several hours to remove traces of acetic acid, then distil it. Redistil it from one-tenth its volume of dimethylaniline or quinoline to remove free HCl. A.R. quality is freed from HCl by pumping it for 1hour at -78o and distilling it into a trap at -196o. [Beilstein 2 IV 395.] LACHRYMATORY.
Inkompatibilitäten
ticide manufacture. Incompatibilities: Avoid contact with moisture, steam, water, alcohols, dimethylsulfoxide, strong bases; phosphorus trichloride; oxidizers, and amines, since violent reactions may occur. Keep away from heat, fire, and welding operations.
Waste disposal
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. May be mixed slowly with sodium bicarbonate solution and then flushed to sewer with large volumes of water. May also be incinerated.

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