ChemicalBook номенклатура продукции API Синтетические противоинфекционные препараты Антисептики и дезинфицирующие средства Калия перманганат

Калия перманганат

английское имяPotassium permanganate
CAS №7722-64-7
CBNumberCB7775235
ФормулаKMnO4
мольный вес158.033949
EINECS231-760-3
номер MDLMFCD00011364
файл Mol7722-64-7.mol

химическое свойство

Температура плавления

240°C

плотность

1.01 g/mL at 25 °C

Плотность накопления

1300-1600kg/m3

давление пара

<0.01 hPa (20 °C)

температура хранения

Store at RT.

растворимость

H₂O: 0.1 M at 20 °C, complete, violet

форма

solution (volumetric)

цвет

Purple

Удельный вес

2.703

РН

8 (H2O, 20°C)

Растворимость в воде

6.4 g/100 mL (20 ºC)

Чувствительный

Light Sensitive

Мерк

14,7655

crystal system

Nogata

Space group

Pnma

Lattice constant

a/nm	b/nm	c/nm	α/o	β/o	γ/o	V/nm3
0.9105	0.572	0.7425	90	90	90

Стабильность

Stable, but contact with combustible material may cause fire. Substances to be avoided include reducing agents, strong acids, organic material, combustible materials, peroxides, alcohols and chemically active metals. Strong oxidant.

Справочник по базе данных CAS

7722-64-7(CAS DataBase Reference)

Вещества, добавляемые в пищу (ранее EAFUS)

POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE

FDA 21 CFR

175.105

Рейтинг продуктов питания EWG

FDA UNII

00OT1QX5U4

Код УВД

D08AX06,V03AB18

Система регистрации веществ EPA

Potassium permanganate (7722-64-7)

UNSPSC Code

12352312

NACRES

NA.21

больше

Заявления об опасности и безопасности

Коды опасности

O,Xn,N,Xi,C

Заявления о рисках

8-51/53-50/53-22-52/53-36/38-34

Заявления о безопасности

60-61-36-26

РИДАДР

UN 3082 9/PG 3

WGK Германия

RTECS

SD6475000

TSCA

Yes

кода HS

2841 61 00

Класс опасности

5.1

Группа упаковки

Банк данных об опасных веществах

7722-64-7(Hazardous Substances Data)

Токсичность

LD50 orally in rats: 1.09 g/kg (Smyth)

NFPA 704:

	0
1		0

рисовальное письмо(GHS)

рисовальное письмо(GHS)
сигнальный язык

опасность
вредная бумага

H302：Вредно при проглатывании.

H314：При попадании на кожу и в глаза вызывает химические ожоги.

H410：Чрезвычайно токсично для водных организмов с долгосрочными последствиями.

H272：Окислитель; может усилить возгорание.

H373：Может поражать органы (Нервная система) в результате многократного или продолжительного воздействия при вдыхании.

H361d：Предполагается, что данное вещество может отрицательно повлиять на неродившегося ребенка.
оператор предупредительных мер

P210：Беречь от тепла, горячих поверхностей, искр, открытого огня и других источников воспламенения. Не курить.

P260：Не вдыхать газ/ пары/ пыль/ аэрозоли/ дым/ туман.

P273：Избегать попадания в окружающую среду.

P280：Использовать перчатки/ средства защиты глаз/ лица.

P303+P361+P353：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ НА КОЖУ (или волосы): Снять/удалить немедленно всю загрязненную одежду. Промыть кожу водой.

P305+P351+P338：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ В ГЛАЗА: Осторожно промыть глаза водой в течение нескольких минут. Снять контактные линзы, если Вы ими пользуетесь и если это легко сделать. Продолжить промывание глаз.

Калия перманганат химические свойства, назначение, производство

Описание

Potassium permanganate, is composed of dark purple, odorless crystals with a blue metallic sheen. It is soluble in water, decomposes at 465°F (240°C), and is a powerful oxidizing material. Potassium permanganate is a dangerous fire and explosion risk in contact with organic materials. Potassium permanganate is incompatible with sulfuric acid, glycerin, and ethylene glycol. The four-digit UN identification number is 1490. The primary uses of potassium permanganate are as an oxidizer, bleach, or dye; during radioactive decontamination of the skin; and in the manufacture of organic chemicals.

Химические свойства

Potassium permanganate is a dark purple crystalline solid with a sweet taste that decompose at 240°C and explode in contact with oxidizable materials.Used as a disinfectant and analytical reagent, in dyes,bleaches,and medicines,and as a chemical intermediate.

Физические свойства

Dark purple rhombohedral crystal; density 2.703 g/cm³; stable in air;decomposes at about 240°C; moderately soluble in cold water, 6.38 g/100mL at 20°C, soluble in hot water, 25 g/100mL at 65°C; decomposed by alcohol, acetone and many organic solvents causing their oxidation; also decomposed by concentrated acids.

Использование

Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a dark purple-bluish sheen crystal with a slightly sweet taste. It is produced by oxidizing manganate in an electrolytic cell or by passing carbon dioxide through a hot solution of manganate and then cooling until permanganate crystals form. It is a strong oxidizing agent, particularly with organic matter, which makes it a good disinfectant, deodorizer, bleach, and antiseptic.

Определение

potassium permanganate: A compound,KMnO₄, forming purple crystalswith a metallic sheen, soluble inwater (intense purple solution), acetone,and methanol, but decomposedby ethanol; r.d. 2.70; decompositionbegins slightly above 100°C and iscomplete at 240°C. The compound isprepared by fusing manganese(IV)oxide with potassium hydroxide toform the manganate and electrolysingthe manganate solutionusing iron electrodes at about 60°C.An alternative route employs productionof sodium manganate by a similarfusion process, oxidation withchlorine and sulphuric acid, thentreatment with potassium chloride tocrystallize the required product.Potassium manganate(VII) is widelyused as an oxidizing agent and as adisinfectant in a variety of applications,and as an analytical reagent.

Подготовка

Potassium permanganate is produced from manganese ore containing at least 60% manganese dioxide, MnO₂. The finely ground ore is mixed with 50%potassium hydroxide and heated at about 350°C in rotary kilns. This converts manganese dioxide to potassium manganate:
MnO₂2+ 4KOH + O₂→2K₂MnO₄+ 2H₂O
Potassium manganate obtained above is oxidized to the permanganate either by electrolysis or by chemical oxidation. Electrolytic oxidation is more common. Electrolytic cells have cathodes made of iron rods and nickel-plated anodes. Potassium manganate melt is extracted with water prior to its elec-trolysis and then electrolyzed at a cell voltage of 2.3V and current of about 1,400 amp. Permanganate is produced at theanode and water is reduced to gaseous hydrogen and hydroxyl ions at the cathode:
2K₂MnO₄4+ 2H₂O →2KMnO₄+ 2KOH + H₂.

Показания

Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is an oxidizing agent that is rapidly rendered inactive in the presence of organic material. The oxidizing action of the chemical is purportedly responsible for its germicidal activity. It is also an astringent and a fungicide. This preparation stains the skin and clothing, and undissolved crystals will cause a chemical burn. It is used less commonly now (primarily as an antifungal agent) and may be little better than water as a wet dressing. A 1:4,000 to 1:16,000 dilution is used on weeping or denuded surfaces (one crushed 65-mg tablet dissolved in 250 to 500 mL; one 330-mg tablet dissolved in 1,500 mL to 3,000 mL). For use as a medicated bath, 8 g (approximately 2 tsp) should be dissolved in 200 L (a full bathtub) of water to produce about a 1:25,000 dilution. Skin stains may be removed with a weak solution of oxalic acid or sodium thiosulfate.

Общее описание

A purplish colored crystalline solid. Noncombustible but accelerates the burning of combustible material. If the combustible material is finely divided the mixture may be explosive. Contact with liquid combustible materials may result in spontaneous ignition. Contact with sulfuric acid may cause fire or explosion. Used to make other chemicals and as a disinfectant.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Soluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

Potassium permanganate is a very powerful oxidizing agent, particularly in acidic surroundings. Reacts with incandescence with aluminum carbide [Mellor 5:872. 1946-47]. Grinding with antimony or arsenic causes ignition of the metals [Mellor 12:322. 1946-47]. Mixtures with acetic acid or acetic anhydride may explode if not kept cold [Von Schwartz 1918. p. 34]. Explosions can occur when acidified solutions come in contact with benzene, carbon disulfide, diethyl ether, ethyl alcohol, petroleum, or organic matter. Contact with glycerol may produce an explosion [Pieters 1957. p. 30]. Contact with concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution can produce an explosion [Haz. Chem. Data 1973. p. 230]. Contact with solid hydroxylamine produces an immediate white flame [Mellor 8:294. 1946-47]. Transport through a polypropylene tube ignited the tube [MCA Case History 1842. 1972]. Mixing with concentrated sulfuric acid in a vessel containing moisture caused an explosion (due to formation of manganese heptoxide) [Delhez 1967].

Опасность

Dangerous fire and explosion risk in contact with organic materials, powerful oxidizing agent.

Угроза здоровью

Burns and stains the skin dark brown. If ingested will cause severe distress of gastro-intestinal system. May be fatal if over 4 oz. are consumed.

Пожароопасность

Behavior in Fire: May cause fire on contact with combustibles. Containers may explode.

Промышленное использование

This is a crystalline substance with a deep purple color, extremely soluble in water (60 g/L). At a temperature above 200 °C, KMnO4 decomposes according to the following reaction: 2KMnO4 +Heat? K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂
Potassium permanganate has a depressing effect on most sulfide minerals including sphalerite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite. It has been used to depress pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite in a pyrite flotation alkaline circuit. Studies were carried out on the depression of copper in copper–molybdenite separation with promising results. There is very little known about the depressing action of KMnO₄ in relation to pH.

Возможный контакт

Potassium permanganate is used in solutions as a disinfectant, topical antibacterial agent; deodorizer, bleaching agent; and in air and water purification.

Перевозки

UN1490 Potassium permanganate, Hazard Class: 5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer.

Методы очистки

Crystallise it from hot water (4mL/g at 65o), then dry it in a vacuum desiccator over CaSO4. Phillips and Taylor [J Chem Soc 4242 1962] cooled an aqueous solution of KMnO4, saturated at 60o, to room temperature in the dark, and filtered it through a No.4 porosity sintered-glass filter funnel. The solution was allowed to evaporate in air in the dark for 12hours, and the supernatant liquid was decanted from the crystals, which were dried as quickly as possible with filter paper.

Несовместимости

Potassium permanganate is a powerful oxidizing agent, that is, it will initiate a fire or explosion if brought into contact with reducing materials; combustibles, organic materials; strong acids; or oxidizable solid, liquid or gas; glycerin, ethylene glycol; polypropylene, hydroxyl- amine, hydrogen trisulfide; antimony, arsenic, sulfuric acid; hydrogen peroxide; phosphorus, and any finely divided combustible material. It will decompose, and release oxygen, if brought into contact with heat, alcohol, acids, ferrous salts; iodides and oxalates.

Утилизация отходов

React with reducing agent, neutralize and flush to sewer

Калия перманганат запасные части и сырье

сырьё

1of2

запасной предмет

1of8

Калия перманганат Обзор)

1of3

Send Inquriy