Цефпрозил

Описание

Cefprozil is a new orally active cephalosporin useful in the treatment of otitis media, uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections plus upper/lower respiratory tract infections. Although structurally similar to cefadroxil, its spectrum of antibacterial activity is comparable to cefaclor, but exhibits greater activity against S.aureus, S. epidermidis, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococci, H. influenzae, Propionibacterium acnes. Clostridium perfringens and difficile.

Химические свойства

Pale Yellow Solid

Использование

Semisynthetic oral cephalosporin consisting of approx. 90:10 Z/E isomeric mixture. Antibacterial

Определение

ChEBI: A semisynthetic, second-generation cephalosporin, with prop-1-enyl and (R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used to treat bronchitis as well as ear, skin and other bacterial infec ions.

Антимикробная активность

Activity against Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli is better than that of cefadroxil (which it structurally resembles) but is not as good as that of group 5 agents . It is moderately stable to hydrolysis by the common plasmid-mediated β-lactamases, but is hydrolyzed by the chromosomal enzymes of Gram-negative bacilli .

Опасность

Moderately toxic by ingestion. Human sys- temic effects.

Клиническое использование

Cefprozil (Cefzil) is an orally active second-generationcephalosporin that is similar in structure and antibacterialspectrum to cefadroxil. Oral absorption is excellent (oralbioavailability is about 95%) and is not affected by antacidsor histamine H2-antagonists. Cefprozil exhibits greater invitro activity against streptococci, Neisseria spp., and S. aureusthan does cefadroxil. It is also more active than thefirst-generation cephalosporins against members of theEnterobacteriaceae family, such as E. coli, Klebsiella spp., P. mirabilis, and Citrobacter spp. The plasma half-life of1.2 to 1.4 hours permits twice-a-day dosing for the treatmentof most community-acquired respiratory and urinary tractinfections caused by susceptible organisms.

Побочные эффекты

It is well tolerated. Diarrhea and gastrointestinal discomfort may occur. There have been a few reports of pseudomembranous colitis and serum sickness-like reactions.