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Isopropylamine

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Isopropylamine Basic information
Isopropylamine Chemical Properties
  • Melting point:-101 °C
  • Boiling point:33-34 °C(lit.)
  • Density 0.69
  • vapor density 2.04 (vs air)
  • vapor pressure 9.2 psi ( 20 °C)
  • refractive index n20/D 1.374(lit.)
  • FEMA 4238 | ISOPROPYLAMINE
  • Flash point:−26 °F
  • storage temp. 2-8°C
  • solubility 1000g/l
  • pka10.63(at 25℃)
  • form Crystalline Powder, Needles or Crystals
  • color APHA: ≤50
  • PH13 (700g/l, H2O, 20℃)
  • OdorStrong ammoniacal; pungent, irritating, typical amine.
  • Odor Threshold0.025ppm
  • explosive limit2-10.4%(V)
  • Water Solubility soluble
  • Sensitive Air Sensitive
  • JECFA Number1581
  • Merck 14,5209
  • BRN 605259
  • Exposure limitsTLV-TWA 5 ppm (～12 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); TLV-STEL 10 ppm(～24 mg/m3) (ACGIH); IDLH 4000 ppm (NIOSH).
  • Stability:Stable. Extremely flammable - note low boiling point and low flash point. Readily forms explosive mixtures with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, perchloryl fluoride.
  • CAS DataBase Reference75-31-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
  • NIST Chemistry Reference2-Propanamine(75-31-0)
  • EPA Substance Registry SystemIsopropylamine (75-31-0)
Safety Information
MSDS
Isopropylamine Usage And Synthesis
  • Chemical PropertiesIsopropylamine is a colorless, flammable liquid. Isopropylamine is miscible with water, alcohol, and ether.The odor threshold reportedly ranges from 0.21 to 0.70 ppm; the pungent, ammoniacal odor becomes irritating at 24mg/m3 (110).
  • Physical propertiesColorless liquid with a penetrating, ammonia-like odor. Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 500 μg/m3 (210 ppbv) and 1.7 mg/m3 (700 ppbv), respectively (Hellman and Small, 1974). An odor threshold concentration of 25 ppbv was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).
  • OccurrenceNot reported found in natu
  • UsesIsopropylamine is used as a dehairing agentand as an intermediate in the preparation ofmany organics.
  • UsesSolvent, intermediate in synthesis of rubber accelerators, pharmaceuticals, dyes, insecticides, bactericides, textile specialties, and surface-active agents, dehairing agent, solubilizer for 2,4-D acid.
  • Production MethodsIsopropylamine can be produced from the corresponding alcohol by reacting with ammonia in the presence of a dehydrating catalyst, or from the chloride by reacting with ammonia under pressure. It is also reported that this amine can be produced from acetone and ammonia or from the acetone oxime (HSDB 1989).
  • DefinitionChEBI: A member of the class of alkylamines that is propane carrying an amino group at position 2.
  • Aroma threshold valuesHigh strength odor; fishy type; recommend smelling in a 0.10% solution or less.
  • General DescriptionA clear colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor. Flash point -35°F. Boiling point 90°F. Less dense than water Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. Used as a solvent and to make other chemicals.
  • Air & Water ReactionsHighly flammable. Water soluble.
  • Reactivity ProfileIsopropylamine is a colorless, alkaline liquid, very volatile, moderately toxic, highly flammable. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, sparks, or strong oxidizers. When heated to decomposition Isopropylamine emits toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen [M. K.]. A mixture of Isopropylamine and perchloryl fluoride resulted in an uncontrolled oxidation and/or explosion, [J. Org. Chem., 1980, 45, 4036]. The reaction of 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane and the amine and most probably other nitrogen bases, yields a violent exotherm, [Chem. & Ind., 1971, 994].
  • HazardHighly flammable, dangerous fire risk. Strong irritant to tissue.
  • Health HazardIsopropylamine is a strong irritant to theeyes, skin, and respiratory system. A shortexposure to 10–20 ppm can cause irritationof the nose and throat in humans (Procturand Hughes 1978). Prolonged exposure tohigh concentrations may lead to pulmonaryedema. Skin contact can cause dermatitisand skin burns. Exposure to 8000 ppm for4 hours was lethal to rats.
    LD50 value, oral (mice): 2200 mg/kg.
  • Chemical ReactivityReactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reactions; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
  • Industrial usesIsopropylamine can be used as a dehairing agent and as a solvent. It also finds use as an intermediate in the production of insecticides, herbicides and bactericides and in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes and rubber accelerators (HSDB 1989).
  • Environmental FatePhotolytic. Low et al. (1991) reported that the photooxidation of aqueous primary amine solutions by UV light in the presence of titanium dioxide resulted in the formation of ammonium and nitrate ions.
    Chemical/Physical. Releases toxic nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition (Sax and Lewis, 1987). Forms water-soluble salts with acids.
  • MetabolismOne would expect isopropylamine to be readily absorbed from the gut and respiratory tract. Shorter chain aliphatic amines such as isopropylamine also are efficiently absorbed through the skin (Beard and Noe 1981). When administered intravenously, isopropylamine distributed rapidly into tissue compartments with tissue/plasma ratios ranging from 1.8 in the atrium to 16.7 in the renal medulla (Privitera et al 1982). During the elimination phase, a half-life of 146 min was observed in plasma. There do not appear to be any definitive metabolic studies with this compound, however through a comparison with other substrates, one might expect oxidation to acetone and ammonia through the action of monoamine oxidase (Tipton 1980).
Isopropylamine Preparation Products And Raw materials
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