Natriumsulfat

Bezeichnung:Natriumsulfat

CAS-Nr7757-82-6

Englisch Name:Sodium sulfate

CBNumberCB4100946

SummenformelNa2SO4

Molgewicht142.04214

MOL-Datei7757-82-6.mol

Synonyma

Natriumsulfat

Natriumsulfat, wasserfrei

Dinatriumsulfat

Natriumsulfat physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	884 °C (lit.)
Siedepunkt	1700°C
Dichte	2.68 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Brechungsindex	1.484
storage temp.	Store at +5°C to +30°C.
Löslichkeit	H₂O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
Aggregatzustand	powder (fine)
Wichte	2.68
Farbe	White
PH	5.2-8.0 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Säure-Base-Indikators(pH-Indikatoren)	5.2 - 9.2
Geruch (Odor)	wh. cryst. or powd., odorless, bitter saline taste
Wasserlöslichkeit	18.5 mg/L
maximale Wellenlänge (λmax)	λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.015 λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.015
Sensitive	Hygroscopic
Merck	14,8680
Dielectric constant	2.7（Ambient）
Stabilität	Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, aluminium, magnesium, strong bases. Hygroscopic.
LogP	-1.031 (est)
CAS Datenbank	7757-82-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen	Sodium sulfate(7757-82-6)
EPA chemische Informationen	Sodium sulfate (7757-82-6)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	Xi
R-Sätze:	36/37/38
S-Sätze:	24/25
WGK Germany	1
RTECS-Nr.	WE1650000
F	3
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	28331100
Giftige Stoffe Daten	7757-82-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität	LD50 orally in Rabbit: > 2000 mg/kg

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Sodium sulfate Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
HYGROSKOPISCHER WEISSER FESTSTOFF IN VERSCHIEDENEN FORMEN.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen unter Bildung von Schwefeloxiden und Natriumoxiden.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfen bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine belästigende Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Beim Verschlucken sind Auswirkungen auf den Magendarmtrakt möglich.
LECKAGE
Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P1-Filter für inerte Partikel. Verschüttetes Material in abgedeckten Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Sodium sulfate is a white crystalline solid. It frequently is found as the decahydrate
Chemische Eigenschaften
Sodium sulfate, NaS04, also known as thenardite and salt cake, is a crystalline compound that melts at 888°C (1632°C). Sodium sulfate is found in natural form(thenardite) in Chile and Spain. It is used in the manufacture of paperboard, glass,and freezing mixtures. The hydrate, Na2S04·10H20, also known as "Glauber's salt," is a white water-soluble solid formed by heating sodium chloride and sulfuric acid. It is used in dyeing,manufacturing glass,and in the preparation of sodium bisulfate.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Anhydrous sodium sulfate is a white crystalline powder; orthorhombic or hexagonal structure; hygroscopic; refractive index 1.468; hardness 2.8 Mohs; density 2.664 g/cm³; melts at 884°C; soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol.
The decahydrate consists of colorless monoclinic crystals; refractive index 1.394; hardness 1.8 Mohs; density 1.4 6g/cm³; decomposes at 32°C; soluble in water; insoluble in ethanol.
Occurrence
Sodium sulfate occurs in nature as the minerals mirabilite and thenardite. While thenardite is the anhydrous form of Na²SO⁴, mirabilite is a naturallyoccurring decahydrate, Na₂SO₄?10H₂O.
Sodium sulfate is one of the most important sodium salts. The decahydrate,commonly known as the Glauber’s salt, was first prepared by Johann Glauber in the seventeenth century as a by-product in making hydrochloric acid from sulfuric acid and sodium chloride.
Sodium sulfate is used in manufacturing paper pulp by the Kraft Process. Other uses are in manufacturing glass and ultramarine; in dyeing and printing textiles; as a filler in synthetic detergents; and for standardizing dyes. A major use of anhydrous sodium sulfate is as an agent to remove water from organic solvents and their extracts for organic synthesis and instrumental analysis. Sodium sulfate is a common laboratory reagent. Also, it is used to prepare other sodium salts.
Verwenden
Used in kjeldahl nitrogen determination; drying agent .
Verwenden
Sodium Sulfate is the salt of sulfuric acid that is readily soluble in water and exists as crystals or crystalline powder. it is used in cara- mel production.
Verwenden
Sodium sulfate is a filler in the manufacturing of synthetic detergents and soaps and a laboratory reagent. It may enhance the irritant action of certain detergents.
Vorbereitung Methode
Sodium sulfate is mined from its natural mineral deposits and subjected to purification.
Sodium sulfate is synthesized by the Mannheim process or Hargreaves process. Manheim’s process is based on Glauber’s reaction between sulfuric acid and sodium chloride: 2NaCl + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + 2HCl↑
The process was devised by Johann Glauber to produce hydrochloric acid. Sodium sulfate is isolated from the solution by fractional crystallization.
Hargreaves’ process also was developed to produce hydrochloric acid. It is a variation of Mannheim’s method. In this method, sulfur dioxide is used instead of sulfuric acid. The reaction is as follows: 4NaCl + 2SO₂ + O₂ + 2H₂O → 2Na₂SO₄ + 4HCl↑
Sodium sulfate also is obtained as a byproduct of manufacturing phenol by caustic fusion.
Definition
A white crystalline compound, Na₂SO₄, usually known as the anhydrous compound (orthorhombic; r.d. 2.67; m.p. 888°C) or the decahydrate (monoclinic; r.d. 1.46; which loses water at 100°C). The decahydrate is known as Glauber’s salt. A metastable heptahydrate (Na₂SO₄·7H₂O) also exists. All forms are soluble in water, dissolving to give a neutral solution. The compound occurs naturally as
mirabilite (Na₂SO_4·10H₂O),
threnardite (Na₂SO₄), and
glauberite (Na₂SO₄·CaSO₄).
Sodium sulphate may be produced industrially by the reaction of magnesium sulphate with sodium chloride in solution followed by crystallization, or by the reaction of concentrated sulphuric acid with solid sodium chloride. The latter method was used in the Leblanc process for the production of alkali and has given the name salt cake to impure industrial sodium sulphate. Sodium sulphate is used in the manufacture of glass and soft glazes and in dyeing to promote an even finish. It also finds medicinal application as a purgative and in commercial aperient salts.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄) can be obtained directly via precipitation from a saturated solution of Na₂SO₄ at room temperature (20°C). Its crystallization and growth rates at room temperature (20°C) under various conditions have been investigated. Sodium sulfate can be produced during Leblanc process, from sodium chloride and sulfuric acid.
Flammability and Explosibility
Non flammable
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by intravenous route. Mildly toxic by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic effects. Violent reaction with Al. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O. See also SULFATES.
mögliche Exposition
Sodium sulfate is used in the manufacture of glass; as a precipitating agent in the manufacture of silver emulsions; as an analytical reagent; in making ultramarine and paper pulp; in ceramic glazes and pharmaceuticals; as a food additive; and a filler in synthetic detergents.
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments
Sodium sulfate is used as a saline cathartic, primarily in food animals.
Versand/Shipping
UN2630 Selenates or Selenites, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
läuterung methode
Crystallise sodium sulfate from water at 30o (1.1mL/g) by cooling to 0o. It becomes anhydrous at 32o.
Inkompatibilitäten
Violent reaction with aluminum, magnesium. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
Waste disposal
Do not discharge waste sodium sulfate directly into sewers or surface waters. Recovered sodium sulfate may be disposed of by burial in a landfill.

Sodium sulfate Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Natriumsulfat Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

7757-82-6, Sodium sulfate Verwandte Suche:

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