1-β-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosinhydrochlorid

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Warnung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H317：Kann allergische Hautreaktionen verursachen.

  H319：Verursacht schwere Augenreizung.

  H341：Kann vermutlich genetische Defekte verursachen.

  H361：Kann vermutlich die Fruchtbarkeit beeinträchtigen oder das Kind im Mutterleib schädigen.

• Sicherheit

  P201：Vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.

  P280：Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.

  P302+P352：BEI BERÜHRUNG MIT DER HAUT: Mit viel Wasser/... (Hersteller kann, falls zweckmäßig, ein Reinigungsmittel angeben oder, wenn Wasser eindeutig ungeeignet ist, ein alternatives Mittel empfehlen) waschen.

  P305+P351+P338：BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

  P308+P313：BEI Exposition oder falls betroffen: Ärztlichen Rat einholen/ärztliche Hilfe hinzuziehen.

1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine hydrochloride Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  R36:Reizt die Augen.
  R43:Sensibilisierung durch Hautkontakt möglich.
  R63:Kann das Kind im Mutterleib möglicherweise schädigen.

• S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
  S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.

• Beschreibung

  Cytosine beta-D-arabinofuranoside Hydrochloride is the salt form of Cytarabine, which is a selective inhibitor of DNA synthesis and is used as an antineoplastic and antiviral. Cytosine beta-D-arabinofuranoside Hydrochloride is used in chemotherapy for the treatment of white blood cells cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Crystalline

• Originator

  Cytosar,Upjohn,US,1969

• Verwenden

  Interferes with the synthesis of DNA

• Verwenden

  Antiviral.

• Manufacturing Process

  (A) Preparation of 1- (2,3,5-Tri-O-Acetyl-β-D-Arabinofuranosyl)-4-Thiouracil: A mixture of 1.85 g (5.0 mmol) of 1-(2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-β-arabinofuranosyl) uracil, 1.23 g (5.55 mmol) of phosphorus pentasulfide, and 30 ml of pyridine was heated under gentle reflux for 2.5 hours with exclusion of moisture. The reaction mixture was cooled, and the supernatant solution was transferred by means of a pipette into a mixture of crushed ice and water. The reaction flask was washed twice with pyridine, and these washings were added to the icewater mixture. This mixture was kept at about 25°C until the ice had melted, and was then stored at 0°C for one hour. A pale yellow precipitate that formed was collected on a filter, washed with ice-water, and dried in air.
  This material was triturated with chloroform, and the chloroform mixture was filtered. A small amount of undissolved material collected on the filter and it was washed with chloroform. The chloroform solution (filtrate plus washings) was washed three times with ice-water, twice with ice-cold 3 N sulfuric acid, twice with ice-cold saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, twice with ice-water, and then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The chloroform was removed under reduced pressure at a bath temperature of about 40°C, leaving a yellow, somewhat gummy residue. This yellow residue was dissolved in absolute methanol which was then evaporated at reduced pressure at about 40°C, and the residue was then held for 2 hours at 0.5 to 2.0 mm pressure and a bath temperature of about 50°C. There was thus obtained 1.69 g of 1- (2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-4-thiouracil.
  (B) Preparation of 1-β-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine: In a glass liner, a mixture of 1.16 g (3.0 mmol) of 1-(2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-4- thiouracil prepared in (A) and about 60 ml of absolute methanol which had been saturated with anhydrous ammonia at 0°C was heated in a steel bomb at 98° to 105°C for 35 hours. After cooling to about 25°C and venting the bomb, the dark solution was filtered into a round-bottom flask. The methanol and excess ammonia were then removed under reduced pressure at about 25°C. The residual syrup was dissolved in absolute methanol, and the methanol was removed under reduced pressure at a bath temperature of about 40°C. This procedure of dissolving in absolute methanol and removing the solvent was repeated, and the residue was held under reduced pressure at a bath temperature of 45°C for 12 hours.
  The resulting semisolid was triturated thoroughly with absolute methanol, and the resulting suspension was chilled at 0°C. A pale tan solid that separated was collected on a filter and washed repeatedly with methanol. After washing with anhydrous ether, there was obtained 430 mg of 1-β-Darabinofuranosylcytosine.
  (C) Preparation of 1-β-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine Hydrochloride: The absolute methanolic filtrate obtained after triturating and filtering the 1-β-Darabinofuranosylcytosine in (B) above was warmed and stirred with decolorizing charcoal. The mixture was filtered through a bed of filter aid, and the filter bed was washed repeatedly with absolute methanol. The combined filtrate and washings were pale yellow. The solution was diluted to faint cloudiness with anhydrous ether, and an excess of anhydrous hydrogen chloride was introduced. Crystallization began at about 25°C and further crystallization was induced by chilling at 0°C for 14 hours. The crystalline product was collected on a filter, washed with anhydrous ether, and dried in air. There was thus obtained 180 mg of pale yellow 1-β-Darabinofuranosylcytosine hydrochloride melting at 186° to 189°C.
  The pale yellow product was dissolved in warm, absolute methanol, and the solution after mixing with decolorizing charcoal was filtered through a bed of filter aid. The filter bed was washed with warm absolute methanol, and the combined methanolic filtrate and washings were warmed and diluted with anhydrous

• Therapeutic Function

  Cancer chemotherapy

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  Crystals (from aqueous ethanol) or fluffy white powder.

• Air & Water Reaktionen

  Water soluble. Hydrolysis occurs readily, especially with acid.

• Reaktivität anzeigen

  1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine hydrochloride undergoes decomposition in acidic solutions.

• Brandgefahr

  Flash point data for 1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine hydrochloride are not available; however, 1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine hydrochloride is probably combustible.

• Biologische Aktivität

  cytarabine hydrochloride is an effective drug in the treatment of cancers of white blood cells [1].cytarabine hydrochloride is a dxoxycytidine (dc) analogue. cytarabine hydrochloride has been found to be phosphorylated into a triphophate form, and thus compete with dctp for incorporation into dna. cytarabine hydrochloride has reported to incorporate into dna and block dna synthesis by inhibiting the function of dna and rna polymerases. in addition, incorporated has shown a growth inhibition dose-dependent curve using acute myelogenous leukemia (aml) in a growth inhibition assay with ic50 values of 16nm,103μm and 223μm for ccrf-cem, cem/arac8c and cem/dck-cell lines, respectively. moreover, cytarabine hydrochloride has been exhibited to retrovirally transducer rat leukemic ka cells by wst-1 assay with ic50 values of 0.69μm,1.73μm and 0.037μm for ka, ka/gfp and ka/wt, respectively [1,2].

• Biochem/physiol Actions

  Ara-C is phosphorylated to Ara-CTP and is incorporatee into DNA. It inhibits DNA replication by forming cleavage complexes with topoisomerase I resulting in DNA fragmentation, and ultimately induces apoptosis via the PKC signaling pathway. Does not inhibit RNA synthesis. Anti-leukemia agent.

• Sicherheitsprofil

  Poison by intravenous route.Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal and subcutaneousroutes. Experimental reproductive effects. A human eyeirritant. Mutation data reported. When heated todecomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx and HCl.

• Einzelnachweise

  [1] tobias sc1, borch rf.synthesis and biological evaluation of a cytarabine phosphoramidate prodrug. mol pharm. 2004 mar-apr; 1(2):112-6.
  [2] veuger mj1, heemskerk mh, honders mw, willemze r, barge rm.functional role of alternatively spliced deoxycytidine kinase in sensitivity to cytarabine of acute myeloid leukemic cells. blood. 2002 feb 15; 99(4):1373-80.

1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine hydrochloride Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

1-β-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosinhydrochlorid Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

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