Эдаравон

Описание

Edaravone was marketed in Japan for improving neurologic recovery following acute brain infarction. Currently, several agents classified as neuroprotectants and acting by diverse mechanisms (inhibition of glutamate release, blockade of calcium channels, lazaroids) have been marketed for treating the outcomes of brain damage due to trauma, ischemia or cardiac arrest. Edavarone is the first antioxidant with free radical scavenging activity to be introduced for this pathology. This previously described molecule (in particular as norantipyrine, one of three metabolites of antipyrine in mammals) can be simply prepared by direct cyclization of phenylhydrazine with alkylacetoacetate. Edarevone is a lipophilic agent, readily accessible to brain tissue, that is capable of reducing edema in the brain following ischemia by blocking the arachidonic acid cascade triggering peroxidative neurodegeneration. Interestingly, this agent has been shown to quench active oxygen species in endothelial cell homogenate, as well as inhibiting in vitro lipid peroxidative disintegration of membranes, so making this compound effective during reperfusion following ischemic injury. As an additional indication, phase III trials started with edaravone for increasing the chance of recovery after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Химические свойства

Off white to light yellow powder

Использование

Edaravone inhibits the disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis.

Определение

ChEBI: A pyrazolone that is 2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one which is substituted at positions 2 and 5 by phenyl and methyl groups, respectively.

Общее описание

A free radical scavenger and antioxidant that reduces post-ischemic brain injury. Inhibits iron-dependent peroxidation in rat brain homogenates (IC₅₀ = 15 μM). Inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition pore.

Опасность

Toxic by ingestion.

Биологическая активность

A radical scavenger and antioxidant which is able to protect against the effects of ischemia, probably by inhibiting the lipoxygenase system. Protects against MPTP-induced neurotoxicity.

Профиль безопасности

Moderately toxic by ingestion andintraperitoneal routes. An eye irritant. When heated todecomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.

Методы очистки

Crystallise the pyrazolone from hot H2O, EtOH or EtOH/water (1:1). It complexes with metals. [Veibel et al. Acta Chim Scand 6 1066 1952, Beilstein 24 II 9, 24 III/IV 71.]