Saccharin sodium dihydrate

Описание

Saccharin sodium dihydrate is the sodium dihydrate form of saccharin, which belongs to the family of aromatic homomonocyclic compounds. It is an artificial sweetener that is hundreds times as sweet as sucrose. It is mainly used as a food additive to sweeten many products such as drinks, candies, cookies, and medicine. Saccharin is relatively safe for human beings without providing food energy and any nutritional value. It is also safe for diabetes patients to consume.

Химические свойства

dihydrate granular

Использование

Sweetener (non-nutritive).

Методы производства

Saccharin is produced by the oxidation of o-toluene sulfonamide by potassium permanganate in a solution of sodium hydroxide. Acidification of the solution precipitates saccharin, which is then dissolved in water at 50℃ and neutralized by addition of sodium hydroxide. Rapid cooling of the solution initiates crystallization of saccharin sodium from the liquors.

Фармацевтические приложения

Saccharin sodium is an intense sweetening agent used in beverages, food products, table-top sweeteners, and pharmaceutical formulations such as tablets, powders, medicated confectionery, gels, suspensions, liquids, and mouthwashes. It is also used in vitamin preparations.
Saccharin sodium is considerably more soluble in water than saccharin, and is more frequently used in pharmaceutical formulations. Its sweetening power is approximately 300–600 times that of sucrose. Saccharin sodium enhances flavor systems and may be used to mask some unpleasant taste characteristics.
Injection of saccharin sodium has been used to measure the armto- tongue circulation time.

Безопасность

There has been considerable controversy concerning the safety of saccharin and saccharin sodium in recent years; however, it is now generally regarded as a safe, intense sweetener. See Saccharin for further information.
The WHO has set a temporary acceptable daily intake of up to 2.5 mg/kg body-weight for saccharin, including its salts.(3) In the UK, the Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products, and the Environment (COT) has set an acceptable daily intake for saccharin and its salts (expressed as saccharin sodium) at up to 5 mg/kg body-weight.
LD50 (mouse, oral): 17.5 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IP): 7.1 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 14.2 g/kg

хранилище

Saccharin sodium is stable under the normal range of conditions employed in formulations. Only when it is exposed to a high temperature (125℃) at a low pH (pH 2) for over 1 hour does significant decomposition occur. The 84% grade is the most stable form of saccharin sodium since the 76% form will dry further under ambient conditions. Solutions for injection can be sterilized by autoclave.
Saccharin sodium should be stored in a well-closed container in a dry place.

Несовместимости

Saccharin sodium does not undergo Maillard browning.

Регуляторный статус

Accepted for use as a food additive in Europe; ‘E954’ is applied to both saccharin and saccharin salts. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (buccal and dental preparations; IM and IV injections; oral and topical preparations). Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.

использованная литература

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccharin
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/saccharin#section=Top