Ethenon

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Achtung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H220：Extrem entzündbares Gas.

  H315：Verursacht Hautreizungen.

  H318：Verursacht schwere Augenschäden.

  H330：Lebensgefahr bei Einatmen.

  H335：Kann die Atemwege reizen.

• Sicherheit

  P210：Von Hitze, heißen Oberflächen, Funken, offenen Flammen und anderen Zündquellenarten fernhalten. Nicht rauchen.

  P260：Dampf/Aerosol/Nebel nicht einatmen.

  P264：Nach Gebrauch gründlich waschen.

  P264：Nach Gebrauch gründlich waschen.

  P271：Nur im Freien oder in gut belüfteten Räumen verwenden.

  P280：Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.

  P284：Atemschutz tragen.

  P302+P352：BEI BERÜHRUNG MIT DER HAUT: Mit viel Wasser/... (Hersteller kann, falls zweckmäßig, ein Reinigungsmittel angeben oder, wenn Wasser eindeutig ungeeignet ist, ein alternatives Mittel empfehlen) waschen.

  P304+P340：BEI EINATMEN: Die Person an die frische Luft bringen und für ungehinderte Atmung sorgen.

  P305+P351+P338：BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

  P310：Sofort GIFTINFORMATIONSZENTRUM/Arzt/ anrufen.

  P320：Besondere Behandlung dringend erforderlich

  P321：Besondere Behandlung

  P332+P313：Bei Hautreizung: Ärztlichen Rat einholen/ärztliche Hilfe hinzuziehen.

  P362：Kontaminierte Kleidung ausziehen und vor erneutem Tragen waschen.

  P377：Brand von ausströmendem Gas: Nicht löschen, bis Undichtigkeit gefahrlos beseitigt werden kann.

  P381：Bei Undichtigkeit alle Zündquellen entfernen.

  P403：An einem gut belüfteten Ort aufbewahren.

  P403+P233：An einem gut belüfteten Ort aufbewahren. Behälter dicht verschlossen halten.

  P405：Unter Verschluss aufbewahren.

  P501：Inhalt/Behälter ... (Entsorgungsvorschriften vom Hersteller anzugeben) zuführen.

ketene Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• ERSCHEINUNGSBILD

  FARBLOSES GAS MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.

• PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN

  Das Gas ist schwerer als Luft und kann sich am Boden ausbreiten. Fernzündung möglich.

• CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN

  Polymerisiert leicht. Reagiert sehr heftig mit vielen organischen Verbindungen. Reagiert mit Wasser unter Bildung von Essigsäure. Zersetzung in Alkohol und Ammoniak.

• ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE

  TLV: 0,5 ppm (als TWA) 1,5 ppm (als STEL) (ACGIH 2005).
  MAK: IIb (nicht festgelegt, aber Informationen vorhanden) (DFG 2008).
  

• AUFNAHMEWEGE

  Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation.

• INHALATIONSGEFAHREN

  Eine gesundheitsschädliche Konzentration des Gases in der Luft wird beim Entweichen aus dem Behälter sehr schnell erreicht.

• WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION

  WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
  Die Substanz reizt Augen, Haut und Atemwege. Inhalation des Gases kann zu Lungenödem führen (s. Anm.). Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verzögert ein. ärztliche Beobachtung notwendig. (s. Anm.)

• WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION

  Risiko der Lungenschädigung bei wiederholter oder längerer Exposition mit nachfolgendem Emphysem und Fibrose.

• LECKAGE

  Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Fachmann zu Rate ziehen! Belüftung. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Gasdichter Chemikalienschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät.

• Beschreibung

  Ketene is a flammable, colorless gas with asharp, disagreeable odor. Molecular weight = 42.04;Boiling point = 054.4℃; Freezing/Melting point =-148.3℃; Relative vapor density (air = 1): 1.45; Vaporpressure = <1 atm. Hazard Identification (based on NFPA-704 M Rating System): Health 4, Flammability 2,Reactivity 3. Reacts with water.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Colorless gas with a sharp penetrating odor;liquefies at -56°C (-68.8°F); solidifies at-151°C (-239.8°F); soluble in alcohol andacetone, decomposed by water.

• Verwenden

  For the conversion of higher acids into their anhydrides; for acetylation in the manufacture of cellulose acetate and aspirin.

• Verwenden

  Organic chemical syntheses; conversion of higher acids into their anhydrides; for acetylation in the manufacture of cellulose acetate and aspirin

• Verwenden

  Ketene is used as an acetylating agent inthe production of cellulose acetate, aspirin,acetic anhydride, and in various organicsyntheses.

• Vorbereitung Methode

  Ketene may be prepared also by pyrolysis of acetic anhydride or phenyl acetate or diketene. Other sources are quite unsatisfactory from a standpoint of yield. Small quantities may be made conveniently by heating acetone in a “ketene lamp.” This is a glass apparatus containing a Nichrome filament, heated electrically to red heat. Larger amounts are made by passing acetone or acetic acid through a tube at 700 °C. A very brief contact time is required, so that much of the acetone is undecomposed and has to be condensed and recycled. Also, it is imperative that the reaction tube be of inert material such as porcelain, glass, quartz, copper or stainless steel. A copper tube, if used, should be protected from oxidation by an iron sheath. Inert packing may be used (glass, vanadium pentoxide, porcelain), but just as good yields are obtained with empty tubes. No catalyst is known which accelerates this decomposition at significantly lower temperatures.

• Definition

  ChEBI: Ethenone is a ketene.

• Health Hazard

  Ketene is a highly toxic gas. It causes severeirritation to the eyes, nose, throat, and skin.Exposure to 10–15 ppm for several minutescan injure the respiratory tract. It causespulmonary edema. A 30-minute exposure to23 ppm was lethal to mice and a 10-minuteexposure to 200 and 750 ppm caused deathto monkeys and cats.

• Brandgefahr

  Ketene in its gaseous state should be flammable and explosive in air. The pure compound, however, polymerizes readily and cannot be stored as a gas. Its flash point and LEL and UEL values are not reported. It can react violently with oxidizers and many organic compounds. Its small size and the olefinic unsaturation impart further reactivity to the molecule.

• mögliche Exposition

  Ketene is used as an acetylating agentin cellulose acetate and aspirin manufacture; it is used inthe conversion of higher acids to their anhydrides; inthe production of spices, acetic anhydride, diethylaminogestrinone; ethyl acetate; ethyl acetoacetate; sorbic acid;vitamin A.

• Erste Hilfe

  If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.Medical observation is recommended for 24-48 h afterbreathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may bedelayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor orauthorized paramedic may consider administering a corticosteroid spray.

• Lager

  Ketene cannot be stored. Ketene must be keptaway from water and a wide variety of organic compounds,since violent reactions occur. Ketene must be kept in tightlyclosed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away fromheat. Metal containers involving the transfer of this chemical should be grounded and bonded. Use only nonsparkingtools and equipment, especially when opening and closingcontainers of this chemical. Sources of ignition, such assmoking and open flames, are prohibited where this chemical is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could createa potential fire or explosion hazard. Wherever this chemicalis used, handled, manufactured, or stored, use explosionproof electrical equipment and fittings. Procedures for thehandling, use, and storage of cylinders should be in compliance with OSHA 1910.101 and 1910.169, as with therecommendations of the Compressed Gas Association.

• Versand/Shipping

  Ketene is not shipped as a rule, but is generated atthe point of use in a chemical process by acetone pyrolysis.It polymerizes readily and hence immediate use is preferred.

• läuterung methode

  Ketene is prepared by pyrolysis of acetic anhydride. Purify it by passing through a trap at -75o and collecting in a liquid-nitrogen-cooled trap. Ethylene is removed by evacuating the ethylene in an isopentane-liquid-nitrogen slush pack at -160o. Store it at room temperature in a suitable container in the dark or better at -80o, but do not store it under pressure as it may EXPLODE. It is a strong IRRITANT when inhaled and is as poisonous as phosgene. See diketene in “Heterocyclic Compounds”, Chapter 4. [Hurd Org Synth Coll Vol I 330 1941, Andreades & Carlson Org Synth Coll Vol V 679 1973.]

• Inkompatibilitäten

  Forms an explosive mixture with air.Ketene readily polymerizes. Decomposes in water, alcohol,and ammonia. Reacts with water to form acetic acid.Contact with hydrogen peroxide forms explosive diacetylperoxide. Reacts violently with reducing agents, oxidizers,and many organic compounds. Can dimerize to diketeneeven at low temperatures. Diketene forms an explosive mixture with air.

ketene Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Ethenon Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

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