Glyphosat

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Achtung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H312：Gesundheitsschädlich bei Hautkontakt.

  H318：Verursacht schwere Augenschäden.

  H411：Giftig für Wasserorganismen, mit langfristiger Wirkung.

• Sicherheit

  P273：Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden.

  P280：Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.

  P305+P351+P338：BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

  P391：Verschüttete Mengen aufnehmen.

Glyphosate Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• ERSCHEINUNGSBILD

  FARBLOSE KRISTALLE.

• PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN

  Staubexplosion der pulverisierten oder granulierten Substanz in Gemischen mit Luft möglich. Die trockene Substanz kann durch Verwirbeln, Druckluft, Fließen usw. elektrostatisch aufgeladen werden.

• CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN

  Zersetzung beim Erhitzen unter Bildung giftiger Rauche mit Stickstoffoxidenund Phosphoroxiden. Greift Eisen und verzinkten Stahl an.

• ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE

  TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
  MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
  

• INHALATIONSGEFAHREN

  Eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann beim Versprühen schnell erreicht werden.

• WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION

  WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
  Die Substanz reizt stark die Augen und reizt leicht die Haut.

• LECKAGE

  Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P2-Filter für schädliche Partikel. Verschüttetes Material in Kunststoff-Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen.

• R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  R41:Gefahr ernster Augenschäden.
  R51/53:Giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
  R62:Kann möglicherweise die Fortpflanzungsfähigkeit beeinträchtigen.
  R37/38:Reizt die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
  R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
  R36:Reizt die Augen.
  R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.

• S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
  S39:Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
  S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
  S2:Darf nicht in die Hände von Kindern gelangen.
  S37:Geeignete Schutzhandschuhe tragen.
  S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.

• Beschreibung

  Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine; 1071-83-6) is the active ingredient in several commercial herbicides for nonselective weed control. Glyphosate herbicides are among the world’s most widely used herbicides. Roundup?, containing the active ingredient glyphosate, was developed and introduced by Monsanto Company in 1974. Other formulations include WeatherMax, UltraMAX, Buccaneer, Razor Pro, Rodeo, and AquaMaster?. Some crops such as soybeans and cotton have been genetically engineered to be resistant to glyphosate (Roundup Ready), allowing farmers to use glyphosate as a postemergence herbicide. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers glyphosate to be relatively low in toxicity compared to organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Glyphosate, an organophosphate/carboxylic acid (substituted), is a colorless crystalline powder. Often used as a liquid in a carrier solvent which may change physical and toxicological properties.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum, non-selective systemic herbicide. It is a colorless crystal at room temperature and is soluble in acetone, ethanol, xylene, and water. Glyphosate is used for the control of annual and perennial plants, including grasses, sedges, broadleaved weeds, and woody plants. It can be used on non-cropland as well as on many varieties of crops. Glyphosate itself is an acid, but it is commonly used in salt form, most commonly isopropylamine salt. It may also be available in acidic or trimethylsulfonium salt forms. It is generally distributed as water-soluble concentrates and powders. Glyphosate is a GUP.

• Verwenden

  Nonselective, postemergence, broad spectrum herbicide used to control annual and perennial grasses, sedges, broad-leaved and emerged aquatic weeds. This herbicide is also used to control insects on fruit trees.

• Verwenden

  Glyphosate is the active ingredient in several commercial herbicides. It is a broad-spectrum systemic herbicide for various types of weeds, grasses (Poaceae), and woody plants.

• Definition

  ChEBI: Glyphosate is a phosphonic acid resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of the methyl group of methylphosphonic acid with the amino group of glycine. It is one of the most commonly used herbicides worldwide, and the only one to target the enzyme 5-enolpyruvyl-3-shikimate phosphate synthase (EPSPS). It has a role as an agrochemical, an EC 2.5.1.19 (3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor and a herbicide. It is a phosphonic acid and a glycine derivative. It is a conjugate acid of a glyphosate(2-) and a glyphosate(1-).

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  Odorless white powder. Decomposition begins at approximately 419°F (darkens). pH (1% solution in water) 2.5.

• Reaktivität anzeigen

  Glyphosate may react with galvanized steel or unlined steel (except stainless steel) containers to produce hydrogen gas which may form a highly combustible or explosive gas mixture. Glyphosate can react with caustic (basic) materials to liberate heat. Glyphosate is corrosive to iron.

• Health Hazard

  Glyphosate is practically non-toxic if ingested, with a reported acute oral LD50 of 5600 mg/kg in the rat. The toxicities of the technical acid (glyphosate) and the formulated product (Roundup) are nearly the same. Laboratory animals, such as rats, dogs, mice, and rabbits, exposed to glyphosate for 2 years did not indicate any kind of adverse health effects.

• Brandgefahr

  Flash point data for Glyphosate are not available; however, Glyphosate is probably combustible.

• Biochem/physiol Actions

  Glyphosate?(N-[phosphonomethyl] glycine) is the herbicide form of the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate.

• Pharmakologie

  Glyphosate is the only known inhibitor of the biosynthesis of aromatic acids that has been commercialized as a successful herbicide (1). Glyphosate acts as a competitive inhibitor of phosphoenolpyruvate, the natural substrate of the enzyme 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase, and causes amassive accumulation of shikimate in treated plant tissue (1).
  Glyphosate is a nonselective herbicide, and it has been characterized as a low-risk herbicide for the evolution of herbicide resistance. A few weed species are somewhat tolerant to glyphosate, probably due to uptake or translocation mechanisms, but no plant species has sufficient resistance to glyphosate to allow its use directly on the crop as a selective herbicide. The complicated procedure used to genetically engineer the commercialized glyphosate-tolerant crops (31) would suggest that the evolution of glyphosate-resistant weeds will be a very slow process and that the level of resistance from field selection will be relatively low.

• Sicherheitsprofil

  Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Human systemic effects: arrhythmias, blood pressure lowering, body temperature increase, change in heart rate, convulsions, darrhea, fibrosing alveolitis, fibrosis, hypermoultty, respiratory depression, respiratory stimulation. Used as an herbicide. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx and POx.

• mögliche Exposition

  A potential danger to those involved in the manufacture, formulation, and application of this nonselective and nonresidual pre-emergence organophos phate herbicide. Has wide residential use in the United States for the control of weeds.

• Environmental Fate

  Soil. Degrades microbially in soil releasing phosphoric acid, N-nitrosoglyphosate (Newton et al., 1984), ammonia (Cremlyn, 1991), N,N-dimethylphosphinic acid, N-methylphosphinic acid, aminoacetic acid (glycine), N-methylaminoacetic acid (sarcosine), hydroxymethylphosphonic acid (Duke et al., 1991), aminomethylphosphonic acid (Normura and Hilton, 1977; Rueppel et al., 1977; Hoagland, 1980; Duke et al., 1991; Muir, 1991) and carbon dioxide (Sprankle et al., 1975; Cremlyn, 1991). N-Nitrosoglyphosate also formed from the nitrosation of glyphosate in soil solutions containing nitrite ions (Young and Kahn, 1978).
  The reported half-life of glyphosate in soil is <60 days (Hartley and Kidd, 1987). In the laboratory, experimentally determined dissipation rates of glyphosate in a Lintonia sandy loam, Drummer silty clay, Norfolk sandy loam and Raye silty loam were 0.028
  Plant. In a forest brush field ecosystem, the half-life of glyphosate in foliage and litter ranged from 10.4 to 26.6 days, respectively (Newton et al., 1984).
  Photolytic. When an aqueous solution of glyphosate (1 ppm) was exposed to outdoor sunlight for 9 weeks (from August 12 through October 15, 1983), aminomethylphosphonic acid and ammonia formed as major and minor photoproducts, respectively (Lund-H?ie and Friestad, 1986). More than 90% degradation was observed after only 4 weeks of exposure. Photodegradation was also observed when an aqueous solution was exposedindoors to UV light (λ = 254 nm). The reported half-lives of this reaction at starting concentrations of 1.0 and 2,000 ppm were 4 days and 3–4 weeks, respectively. When aqueous solutions were exposed indoors to sodium light (λ = 550–650 nm) and mercury light (λ = 400–600 nm), no photo-degradation occurred (Lund-H?ie and Friestad, 1986).
  Chemical/Physical. Under laboratory conditions, the half-life of glyphosate in natural waters was 7–10 weeks (Muir, 1991). A 1% aqueous solution has a pH of 2.5 (Keith and Walters, 1992). This suggests glyphosate will react with alkalies and amin

• Stoffwechselwegen

  The photolytic degradation of glyphosate results in the formation of glycine, (aminomethyl)phosphonic acid (AMPA), and NH3. Glyphosate undergoes nitrogen ? carbon cleavage on reaction with m- chloroperoxybenzoic acid, leading ultimately to many of the same products formed on their metabolism and environmental degradation. It is suggested that insoluble complexes of glyphosate with iron(III), copper(II), calcium, and magnesium ions are formed at near-neutral pH, a mechanism of which is the inactivation of glyphosate in contaminated groundwater.268 The bacterium degrades high levels of glyphosate, primarily by converting to AMPA. Appreciable uptake of glyphosate is observed with seedlings and leaves and to a lesser extent with culture cells in the form of non-metabolized glyphosate, with AMPA as the only detectable metabolite.

• Stoffwechsel

  In soils, glyphosate is rapidly mineralized within 1 to 2 weeks, and degradation occurs under aerobic and anaerobic conditions (79). The C?P bond is relatively resistant to chemical degradation, but several bacteria, e.g., Arthrobacter (80), Pseudomonas (81), various members of the Rhizobiaceae family (82), and certain fungi (83), have been shown to metabolize glyphosate.

• Versand/Shipping

  UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous haz ardous material, Technical Name Required.

• Toxicity evaluation

  Glyphosate’s herbicidal action works by disrupting 5-enolpyruvylshikimate- 3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase, a plant enzyme involved in the production of the amino acids such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. EPSP synthase is not present in humans or animals and is the reason why glyphosate has relatively low mammalian toxicity. Additional mechanisms of action such as uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation have been proposed. Glyphosate-based formulations have been shown to disrupt aromatase activity and mRNA levels and interact with the active site of the purified enzyme in human placental cells. As a result, some researchers consider formulations like Roundup? to be a potential endocrine disruptor. Adjuvants present in many commercial preparations may facilitate the observed effect. In contrast to organophosphate insecticides, glyphosate is not an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase.

• Inkompatibilitäten

  Organophosphates are susceptible to for mation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides. Compounds of the carboxyl group react with all bases, both inorganic and organic (i.e., amines) releasing substantial heat, water, and a salt that may be harmful. Incompatible with arsenic compounds (releases hydrogen cyanide gas), diazo compounds, dithio carbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, sulfides (releasing heat, toxic, and possibly flammable gases), thio sulfates, and dithionites (releasing hydrogen sulfate and oxides of sulfur). Solutions are corrosive to iron, unlined steel, and galvanized steel, forming a highly combustible or explosive gas mixture. Do not store glyphosate in contain ers made from these materials.

Glyphosate Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Glyphosat Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global(619)Suppliers

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