2-Propensäure

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Achtung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H226：Flüssigkeit und Dampf entzündbar.

  H314：Verursacht schwere Verätzungen der Haut und schwere Augenschäden.

  H335：Kann die Atemwege reizen.

  H410：Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen mit langfristiger Wirkung.

• Sicherheit

  P210：Von Hitze, heißen Oberflächen, Funken, offenen Flammen und anderen Zündquellenarten fernhalten. Nicht rauchen.

  P273：Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden.

  P280：Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.

  P303+P361+P353：BEI BERÜHRUNG MIT DER HAUT (oder dem Haar): Alle kontaminierten Kleidungsstücke sofort ausziehen. Haut mit Wasser abwaschen oder duschen.

  P305+P351+P338：BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

Acrylic acid Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• ERSCHEINUNGSBILD

  FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.

• PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN

  Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft. Die Dämpfe bilden ein explosionsfähiges Gemisch mit Luft.

• CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN

  Polymerisiert leicht beim Erhitzen, unter Einfluss von Licht, Sauerstoff, Oxidationsmitteln wie Peroxiden oder anderen Aktivatoren (Säuren, Eisensalzen). Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Beim Erhitzen bilden sich giftige Rauche. Mittelstarke Säure. Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Basen und Aminen. Greift viele Metalle einschließlich Nickel und Kupfer an.

• ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE

  TLV: 2 ppm (als TWA); Hautresorption; Krebskategorie A4 (nicht klassifizierbar als krebserzeugend für den Menschen); (ACGIH 2005).
  MAK: 10 ppm, 30 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor I(1); Schwangerschaft: Gruppe C; (DFG 2005).
  

• AUFNAHMEWEGE

  Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.

• WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION

  WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
  ätzend. Die Substanz verätzt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. ätzend beim Verschlucken. Inhalation der Substanz kann zu Lungenödem führen (s.Anm.). Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verzögert ein.

• LECKAGE

  Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Fachmann zu Rate ziehen (bei großen Mengen)! Belüftung. Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren, gekennzeichneten Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Vollschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät.

• R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  R10:Entzündlich.
  R20/21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen,Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
  R35:Verursacht schwere Verätzungen.
  R50:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen.

• S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
  S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
  S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
  S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.

• Aussehen Eigenschaften

  C3H4O2, Acroleinsäure, Ethylencarbonsäure, Vinylameisensäure, Vinylcarbonsäure. Produkt stabilisiert mit 200 ppm Hydrochinonmonomethylether. Farblose mit Wasser mischbare Flüssigkeit mit ekelerregendem, penetrantem Geruch. Stark korrodierend und leicht entzündlich. Unter 13鳦 bildet Sie farblo

• Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt

  Verursacht Verätzungen auf Haut und Schleimhäuten, auch als verdünnte,wässrige Lösung.
  Zu vermeidende Bedingungen sind Wärme und Hitze. Mit Peroxidverbindungen, Aminen und Metallen heftige Reaktionen möglich. Heftige Reaktion mit Polymerisationsinitiatoren.
  LD₅₀ (oral, Ratte) 250 mg/kg.
  LD₅₀ (dermal, Kaninchen) 280 mg/kg.

• Schutzmaßnahmen und Verhaltensregeln

  Gefäße nur zu 80 % befüllen, damit die Stabilisatorwirkung erhalten bleibt. Luftkontakt erforderlich.
  Schutzhandschuhe als kurzzeitiger Spritzschutz.
  vorbeugender Hautschutz.

• Verhalten im Gefahrfall

  Mit flüssigkeitsbindendem Material, z.B. Rench Rapid aufnehmen. Der Entsorgung zuführen. Nachreinigen.
  Kohlendioxid, Wasser, Schaum, Pulver.
  Im Brandfall entstehung gefährlicher Dämpfe möglich.

• Erste Hilfe

  Nach Hautkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser abwaschen. Abtupfen mit Polyethylenglycol 400.
  Nach Augenkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser bei geöffnetem Lidspalt mindestens 10 Minuten ausspülen und den Arzt konsultieren.
  Nach Einatmen: Frischluft.
  Nach Verschlucken: Viel Wasser trinken lassen. Erbrechen vermeiden (Perforationsgefahr). Sofort Arzt hinzuziehen.
  Nach Kleidungskontakt: Kontaminierte Kleidung sofort entfernen.
  Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag

• Sachgerechte Entsorgung

  Mit Natriumhydrogencarbonat oder Natriumhydroxid vorichtig neutralisieren, dann in wässrige, neutrale Lösemittelabfälle.

• Beschreibung

  Acrylic acid (IUPAC: prop-2-enoic acid) is an organic compound with the formula CH₂=CHCO₂H. It is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid, consisting of a vinyl group connected directly to a carboxylic acid terminus. This colorless liquid has a characteristic acrid or tart smell. It is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, and chloroform. More than one billion kilograms are produced annually.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Acrylic acid is a colorless, flammable, and corrosive liquid or solid (below 13 C) with an irritating, rancid, odor. Sinks and mixes with water; irritating vapor is produced.

• Verwenden

  Acrylic acid is produced by oxidation of acrolein or hydrolysis of acrylonitrile. It is used in the manufacture of plastics; in paints, polishes, and adhesives; and as coatings for leather.

• Verwenden

  Acrylic acid undergoes the typical reactions of a carboxylic acid and, when reacted with an alcohol, it will form the corresponding ester. The esters and salts of acrylic acid are collectively known as acrylates (or propenoates). The most common alkyl esters of acrylic acid are methyl-, butyl-, ethyl-, and 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate.
  Acrylic acid and its esters readily combine with themselves (to form polyacrylic acid) or other monomers (e.g. acrylamides, acrylonitrile, vinyl, styrene, and butadiene) by reacting at their double bond, forming homopolymers or copolymers which are used in the manufacture of various plastics, coatings, adhesives, elastomers, as well as floor polishes, and paints.

• Verwenden

  Usually used in preparing monodispersed poly (N-isopropylacryamide) (PNIPAM)/AAc microgels.And also used primarily as an intermediate in the production of acrylates.

• Verwenden

  In the manufacture of plastics.

• Verwenden

  An antibacterial agent.

• synthetische

  There are three routes to acrylic acid which have commercial significance; they are based on propylene, acetylene and ethylene respectively. At the present time, most acrylic acid is produced via the propylene route.
  (i) Propylene route. This route involves the two-stage oxidation of propylene:
  

  

  
  A mixture of propylene, air and steam is fed into a reactor containing a catalyst at about 320??C to give acrolein. This intermediate is not isolated but is passed directly to a second reactor, also containing a catalyst, at about 280??C. The effluent is cooled by contact with cold aqueous acrylic acid.
  Acrylic acid is extracted from the solution with a solvent and then separated by distillation. Because of the ready availability of low cost propylene, this route has become the preferred route for the production of acrylic acid. (ii) Acetylene route. This route involves the reaction of acetylene, carbon monoxide and water:
  

  

  
  In one process, the reaction is conducted in solution in tetrahydrofuran at about 200??C and 6-20 MPa (60--200 atmospheres). Nickel bromide is used as catalyst. The solution of acrylic acid in tetrahydrofuran, after separation of the unconverted acetylene and carbon monoxide in a degassing column, passes to a distillation tower where tetrahydrofuran is taken overhead and acrylic acid is the bottom product. The reaction between acetylene, carbon monoxide and water may also be carried out by using nickel carbonyl as the source of carbon monoxide. In this case, milder reaction conditions are possible. Owing to the high cost of acetylene, this route is now of little commercial importance.
  (iii) Ethylene route. This route consists of the following sequence:
  

  

  
  The addition of hydrogen cyanide to ethylene oxide takes place at 55-60??C in the presence of a basic catalyst such as diethylamine. The reaction is exothermic and is carried out in solution to facilitate control; the solvent is conveniently ethylene cyanohydrin. The reaction mixture is neutralized and ethylene cyanohydrin is separated by distillation. The second stage of the synthesis involves the dehydration and hydrolysis of ethylene cyanohydrin; these reactions are carried out in one step by heating the cyanohydrin with aqueous sulphuric acid at about 175??C. (It is possible, of course, that the intermediate in this conversion may be acrylonitrile, as shown, or P-hydroxypropionic acid or both.) At one time this was the standard route for the preparation of acrylic acid but it has been largely displaced by the more economical propylene route.

• Vorbereitung Methode

  Acrylic acid is produced from propene which is a by product of ethylene and gasoline production. CH₂=CHCH₃ + 1.5 O₂→ CH₂=CHCO₂H + H₂O Because acrylic acid and its esters have long been valued commercially, many other methods have been developed but most have been abandoned for economic or environmental reasons. An early method was the hydrocarboxylation of acetylene ("Reppe chemistry") : HCCH + CO + H₂O → CH₂=CHCO₂H This method requires nickel carbonyl and high pressures of carbon monoxide. It was once manufactured by the hydrolysis of acrylonitrile which is derived from propene by ammoxidation, but was abandoned because the method cogenerates ammonium derivatives. Other now abandoned precursors to acrylic acid include ethenone and ethylene cyanohydrin.

• Definition

  An unsaturated liquid carboxylic acid with a pungent odor. The acid and its esters are used to make ACRYLIC RESINS.

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  Acrylic acid is a colorless liquid with a distinctive acrid odor. Flash point 130°F. Boiling point 286°F. Freezing point 53°F. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Prolonged exposure to fire or heat can cause polymerization. If polymerization takes place in a closed container, violent rupture may occur. The inhibitor (usually hydroquinone) greatly reduces the tendency to polymerize.

• Air & Water Reaktionen

  Flammable. Soluble in water. The presence of water, due to different solubilities of the acid and inhibitor (partitioning one from the other), may initiate polymerization.

• Reaktivität anzeigen

  ACRYLIC ACID may polymerize violently especially when the frozen acid is partially thawed (freezing point 12°C or 53°F). Frozen acid should be melted at room temperature and the process should be well stirred. Do not use heat during the melting process [Kirk-Othmer, 3rd ed., Vol. 1, 1978, p. 330]. Corrodes iron and steel and polymerization may occur on contact with iron salts. The uninhibited acid polymerizes exothermically at ambient temperature and explodes if confined. The inhibitor (usually hydroquinone) greatly reduces the tendency to polymerize. Explosive polymerization can also occur with strong bases, amines, ammonia, oleum, chlorosulfonic acid, and peroxides. Mixing with 2-aminoethanol, 28% ammonium hydroxide, ethylenediamine or ethyleneimine in a closed container causes an increase in temperature and pressure. Can react violently with oxidizing reagents and strong bases [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 419].

• Health Hazard

  May burn skin or eyes upon short contact. INHALATION: eye and nasal irritation and lacrimation. INGESTION: may cause severe damage to the gastrointestinal tract.

• Health Hazard

  Acrylic acid is a corrosive liquid that cancause skin burns. Spill into the eyes candamage vision. The vapors are an irritantto the eyes. The inhalation hazard is oflow order. An exposure to 4000 ppm for4 hours was lethal to rats. The oral LD50values reported in the literature show widevariation. The dermal LD50 value in rabbitsis 280 mg/kg.

• Brandgefahr

  Combustible liquid; flash point (closed cup) 54°C (130°F), (open cup) 68°C (155°F); vapor pressure 31 torr at 25°C (77°F); vapor density 2.5 (air=1); autoignition temperature 360°C (680°F). Vapors of acrylic acid form explosive mixtures with air within the range 2.9–8.0% by volume in air. Fireextinguishing agent: water spray, “alcohol” foam, dry chemical, or CO2; use a water spray to flush and dilute the spill and to disperse the vapors.
  Acrylic acid may readily polymerize at ambient temperature. Polymerization may be inhibited with 200 ppm of hydroquinone monomethyl ether (Aldrich 2006). In the presence of a catalyst or at an elevated temperature, the polymerization rate may accelerate, causing an explosion. The reactions of acrylic acid with amines, imines, and oleum are exothermic but not violent. Acrylic acid should be stored below its melting point with a trace quantity of polymerization inhibitor. Its reactions with strong oxidizing substances can be violent.

• Flammability and Explosibility

  Flammable

• Kontakt-Allergie

  Acrylates are esters from acrylic acid. Occupational contact allergies from acrylates have frequently been reported and mainly concern workers exposed to the glues based on acrylic acid, as well as dental workers and beauticians.

• Sicherheitsprofil

  Poison by ingestion, skin contact, and intraperitoneal routes. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. A severe skin and eye irritant. Questionable carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Corrosive. Flammable liquid. May undergo exothermic polymerization at room temperature. May become explosive if confined. A fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame.

• Sicherheit(Safety)

  Acrylic acid is severely irritating and corrosive to the skin and the respiratory tract. Eye contact can result in severe and irreversible injury. Low exposure will cause minimal or no health effects, while high exposure could result in pulmonary edema. The LD₅₀ is 340 mg/kg (rat, oral).

• mögliche Exposition

  Acrylic acid is chiefly used in manufacture of plastics, acrylates, polyacrylic acids, polymer, and resins; as a monomer in the manufacture of acrylic resins and plastic products, leather treatment, and paper coatings. Also, it is used as a tackifier and flocculant.

• Environmental Fate

  Acrylic acid is corrosive, and its toxicity occurs at the site of contact.

• Versand/Shipping

  UN2218 Acrylic acid, stabilized, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, 3-Flammable liquid

• läuterung methode

  It can be purified by steam distillation, or vacuum distillation through a column packed with copper gauze to inhibit polymerisation. (This treatment also removes inhibitors such as methylene blue that may be present.) Azeotropic distillation of the water with *benzene converts aqueous acrylic acid to the anhydrous material. [Beilstein 2 H 397, 2 I 186, 2 II 383, 2 III 1215, 2 IV 1455.]

• Substituents

  As a substituent acrylic acid can be found as an acyl group or a carboxyalkyl group depending on the removal of the group from the molecule. More specifically these are :
  The acryloyl group, with the removal of the -OH from carbon-1.
  The 2-carboxy ethenyl group, with the removal of a -H from carbon-3. This substituent group is found in chlorophyll..

• Toxicity evaluation

  Acrylic acid’s large-scale use and production results in its release into the environment. The most likely route of exposure is inhalation because acrylic acid has a low vapor pressure. The miscibility of acrylic acid in water combined with its low vapor pressure prevent it from accumulating in the soil. Acrylic acid that is emitted into the atmosphere is degraded photochemically by reaction with hydroxyl radicals. There is no potential for long-range atmospheric transport of acrylic acid because it has an atmospheric lifetime of 1 month.

• Inkompatibilitäten

  May form explosive mixture with air. Light, heat, and peroxides can cause polymerization. Use MEHQ (monomethyl ether of hydroquinone) as an inhibitor. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, caustics, ammonia, amines, isocyanates, alkylene oxides; epichlorohydrin, toluene diamine, oleum, pyridine, methyl pyridine, n-methyl pyrrolidone, 2-methyl-6-ethyl aniline, aniline, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, and 2aminoethanol. Severely corrodes carbon steel and iron; attacks other metals. May accumulate static electrical charges and may cause ignition of its vapors.

• Waste disposal

  Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Incineration. 100 500 ppm potassium permanganate will degrade acrylic acid to a hydroxy acid which can be disposed of at a sewage treatment.

Acrylic acid Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

2-Propensäure Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global(741)Suppliers

79-10-7, Acrylic acid Verwandte Suche: