Lactonitrile Struktur

2-Hydroxypropannitril

Bezeichnung:2-Hydroxypropannitril

CAS-Nr78-97-7

Englisch Name:Lactonitrile

CBNumberCB2446862

SummenformelC3H5NO

Molgewicht71.08

MOL-Datei78-97-7.mol

Synonyma

Lactonitril

2-Hydroxypropannitril

2-Hydroxypropannitril physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	-40.15°C
Siedepunkt	90 °C17 mm Hg(lit.)
Dichte	0.991 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
Dampfdruck	15.9Pa at 25℃
Brechungsindex	n20/D 1.404
Flammpunkt	77 °C
storage temp.	Refrigerator, under inert atmosphere
Löslichkeit	DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
Aggregatzustand	Oil
pka	11.38±0.20(Predicted)
Farbe	Colourless
BRN	605366
Dielectric constant	38.4（20℃）
LogP	-0.32 at 25℃
CAS Datenbank	78-97-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen	Propanenitrile, 2-hydroxy-(78-97-7)
EPA chemische Informationen	Lactonitrile (78-97-7)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	T+,T
R-Sätze:	23/25-27-25-20
S-Sätze:	13-36/37/39-45-23-36/37-28
RIDADR	UN 3276 6.1/PG 1
WGK Germany	3
RTECS-Nr.	OD8225000
HazardClass	6.1(a)
PackingGroup	II
Giftige Stoffe Daten	78-97-7(Hazardous Substances Data)

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Lactonitrile Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R23/25:Giftig beim Einatmen und Verschlucken.
R27:Sehr giftig bei Berührung mit der Haut.
R25:Giftig beim Verschlucken.
R20:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S13:Von Nahrungsmitteln, Getränken und Futtermitteln fernhalten.
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S23:Gas/Rauch/Dampf/Aerosol nicht einatmen(geeignete Bezeichnung(en) vom Hersteller anzugeben).
Beschreibung
Lactonitrile is a colorless to straw-coloredliquid. Molecular weight= 71.09; Boiling point= 183℃(slight decomposition); FreezingMelting point= - 40℃;Flash point= 77℃. Hazard Identification (based on NFPA-704M Rating System): Health 3， Flammability 2,Reactivity 0. Soluble in water.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Lactonitrile, is soluble in water and alcohol, but insoluble in diethyl ether and carbon disulfide. Lactonitrile is used chiefly to manufacture lactic acid and its derivatives, primarily ethyl lactate.
Verwenden
It is used primarily as a solvent, and as an intermediate in production of ethyl acetate and lactic acid.
Verwenden
2-Hydroxypropanenitrile is a useful compound for efficient lactamide synthesis by fed batch method using nitrile hydratase of Rhodococcus pyridinivorans NIT-36.
Vorbereitung Methode
Lactonitrile is manufactured from equimolar amounts of acetaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide containing 1.5% of 20% NaOH at ?10–20 °C. The product is stabilized with sulfuric acid. Sulfuric acid hydrolyzes the nitrile to give a mixture of lactic acid and ammonium bisulfate. This mixture can be purified by adding methanol to form methyl lactate which is separated from the ammonium bisulfate. The methyl lactate is distilled, then hydrolyzed back to the aqueous acid. Removal of most of the water yields 90% lactic acid.
Vorbereitung Methode
Lactonitrile is derived from acetaldehyde and hydrocyanic acid.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Straw colored liquid. Used as a solvent /intermediate in production of ethyl lactate and lactic acid.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Water soluble.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Lactonitrile is incompatible with strong acids, strong bases and strong reducing agents. Lactonitrile is also incompatible with strong oxidizers. In the presence of alkali, Lactonitrile evolves toxic compounds. .
Health Hazard
Extremely toxic by oral, skin, or eye contact.
Brandgefahr
Cyanide fumes released when heated to decomposition. Avoid alkali, oxidizing material.
mögliche Exposition
This material is used as a solvent andas an intermediate in the production of ethyl lactate and lac-tic acid.
Erste Hilfe
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irmigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek med-ical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal prec autions, includ-ing resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medi-cal attention. GiveI large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Lager
Color Code-B lue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location.Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on its proper handling andstorage. Store in tighty closed containers in a cool, well-venti lated area away from oxidizers and alkalis. Store in arefrigerator under an inert atmosphere and protect fromlight for prolonged storage. Where possible, automaticallypump liquid from drums or other storage containers to pro-cess cont ainers.
Versand/Shipping
Nitriles,toxic,n.o.s.mustbelabeled“POISONOUS/TOXIC MATERIALS." This chemical fallsin Hazard Class 6.1.
Inkompatibilitäten
Alkalis form hydrogen cyanide. Violentreaction with strong oxidizers.

Lactonitrile Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

78-97-7, Lactonitrile Verwandte Suche:

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