Carbofuran (ISO)

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Achtung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H410：Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen mit langfristiger Wirkung.

• Sicherheit

  P260：Dampf/Aerosol/Nebel nicht einatmen.

  P264：Nach Gebrauch gründlich waschen.

  P264：Nach Gebrauch gründlich waschen.

  P270：Bei Gebrauch nicht essen, trinken oder rauchen.

  P271：Nur im Freien oder in gut belüfteten Räumen verwenden.

  P273：Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden.

Carbofuran Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• ERSCHEINUNGSBILD

  FARBLOSE KRISTALLE.

• CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN

  Zersetzung beim Erhitzen unter Bildung giftiger Rauche mit Stickstoffoxiden.

• ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE

  TLV: (Einatembare Fraktion, als Dampf oder Aerosol) 0.1 mg/m? Krebskategorie A4 (nicht klassifizierbar als krebserzeugend für den Menschen); BEI vorhanden; (ACGIH 2005).
  MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
  

• AUFNAHMEWEGE

  Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation und durch Verschlucken.

• INHALATIONSGEFAHREN

  Verdampfung bei 20 °C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim Versprühen oder Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden, besonders als Pulver.

• WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION

  WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
  Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Nervensystem mit nachfolgenden Krämpfen und Atemdepression. Cholinesterasehemmer. Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verzögert ein. Exposition kann zum Tod führen. ärztliche Beobachtung notwendig.

• WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION

  Cholinesterasehemmer. Kumulative Effekte möglich (s. AKUTE GEFAHREN/SYMPTOME).

• LECKAGE

  Verschüttetes Material in Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Umgebungsluftunabhängiges Atemschutzgerät.

• R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  R26/28:Sehr giftig beim Einatmen und Verschlucken.
  R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.

• S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
  S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
  S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Behälter sind als gefährlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
  S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
  S1/2:Unter Verschluss und für Kinder unzugänglich aufbewahren.

• Beschreibung

  Carbofuran is another systemic insecticidal/nematicidal carbamate available in granular and liquid formulations. Because use of carbofuran granules was associated with bird kills, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) prohibited the use of carbofuran granules in 1994.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Carbofuran is a broad-spectrum carbamate insecticide and nematicide. It is an odorless, white crystalline solid. On heating, it breaks down and can release toxic fumes, and irritating or poisonous gases. It is sparingly soluble in water, but very soluble in acetone, acetonitrile, benzene, and cyclohexone. The liquid formulations of carbofuran are classifi ed as RUPs because of their acute oral and inhalation toxicity to humans. Granular formulations are also classifi ed as an RUP. In fact, carbofuran was fi rst registered in the United States in 1969 and classifi ed as an RUP. Exposure to heat breaks down carbofuran, with the release of toxic fumes. Carbofuran is used for the control of soil-dwelling and foliar-feeding insects. It is also used for the control of aphids, thrips, and nematodes that attack vegetables, ornamental plants, crops of sunfl ower, potatoes, peanuts, soybeans, sugar cane, cotton, rice, and a variety of other crops

• Verwenden

  Carbofuran is used to control soil-dwelling insect pests and nematodes in a wide range of crops.

• Verwenden

  Broad-spectrum, systemic insecticide, nematocide and acaricide applied in soil to control soil insects and nematodes or on foliage to control insects and mites.

• Verwenden

  Cholinesterase inhibitor. Use as systemic insecticide, acaricide, nematocide.

• Definition

  ChEBI: Carbofuran is a carbamate ester and a member of 1-benzofurans. It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, a carbamate insecticide, an EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor, an acaricide, an agrochemical, an avicide and a nematicide.

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  Carbofuran is an odorless white crystalline solid. Contact with skin may burn skin and eyes. When exposed to heat or flames Carbofuran may emit toxic oxides of nitrogen. Carbofuran is toxic by inhalation, skin contact, and/ or ingestion. Carbofuran is used as a pesticide.

• Air & Water Reaktionen

  Slightly soluble in water.

• Reaktivität anzeigen

  Carbofuran is a carbamate ester. Carbamates are chemically similar to, but more reactive than amides. Like amides they form polymers such as polyurethane resins. Carbamates are incompatible with strong acids and bases, and especially incompatible with strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is produced by the combination of active metals or nitrides with carbamates. Strongly oxidizing acids, peroxides, and hydroperoxides are incompatible with carbamates. Carbofuran is unstable in an alkaline media. .

• Health Hazard

  The acute oral LD50 of carbofuran to male and female rats is about 8 mg/kg, while the acute dermal LD50 for rats is more than 3000 mg/kg. Carbofuran is mildly irritating to the eyes and skin of rabbits. The acute inhalation toxicity (LC50, 4 h) is 0.075 mg/L for rats. As with other carbamate compounds, carbofuran’s cholinesterase-inhibiting effect is short term and reversible. The symptoms of carbofuran poisoning include, but are not limited to, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, sweating, diarrhea, excessive salivation, weakness, imbalance, blurring of vision, breathing diffi culty, increased blood pressure, and incontinence. Death may result at high doses from respiratory system failure associated with carbofuran exposure. Complete recovery from an acute poisoning by carbofuran, with no long-term health effects, is possible if exposure ceases and the victim has time to regain his or her normal level of cholinesterase and to recover from symptoms. Reports have indicated that risks from exposure to carbofuran are especially high among occupational workers and general public suffering with asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal or urogenital tracts disturbances. The available studies indicate carbofuran is unlikely to cause reproductive effects in humans at expected exposure levels. Studies indicate carbofuran is not teratogenic. No signifi cant teratogenic effects have been found in the offspring of rats given carbofuran (3 mg/kg/day) on days 5 to 19 of gestation.

• Brandgefahr

  May release nitrogen oxides. Containers may explode in heat of fire. Avoid alkalies. Stable under neutral or acid conditions.

• Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung

  Insecticide, Acaricide, Nematicide: Carbofuran is a broad-spectrum carbamate pesticide that kills insects, mites, and nematodes on contact or after ingestion. It is used against soil and foliar pests of field, fruit, vegetable, and forest crops. Carbofuran, granule form, is banned in the U.S. A U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP). Not approved for use in EU countries. There are 40 global suppliers.. According to the Ecological Incident Investigation System, carbofuran has been responsible for more avian deaths than any other pesticide.

• Handelsname

  A13-27164®; AU'ULTRAMICIN®; BAY 704143®; BAY 78537®; BRIFUR®; CARBODAN®; CARBOSIP 5G®; CRISFURAN®; CURETERR®; CHINUFUR®; D 1221®; DIAFURAN®; FMC 10242®; FURACARB®; FURADAN®; FURAN®; FURODAN®; KENFURAN®; KENOFURAN®; NEX®; NIA10242; NIAGARA 10242; NIAGARA NIA-10242; PILLARFURAN®; RAMPART®; YALTOX®

• Kontakt-Allergie

  It is a pesticide with insecticide properties, of the carbamate group. It was implicated as a sensitizer in two farmers

• Sicherheitsprofil

  to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of

• mögliche Exposition

  A potential danger to those involved in the manufacture, formulation, and application of this insecticide, acaricide, and nematocide.

• Erste Hilfe

  If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.Effects may be delayed; keep victim under observation.

• Environmental Fate

  Carbofuran is soluble in water and is moderately persistent in soil. Its half-life is 30–120 days. It enters surface water as a result of runoff from treated fields and enters groundwater by leaching of treated crops. If released to soil, degradation occurs by chemical hydrolysis and biodegradation. The persistence of carbofuran in the soil increases as the clay and organic matter content of the soil increase, and as the pH and moisture content of soil decrease. Chemical hydrolysis occurs more rapidly in alkaline soil as compared to neutral or acidic soils. Carbofuran is likely to leach to groundwater in soils with low organic content. Volatilization from soil is not expected to be significant, although some evaporation from plants may occur. If released to water, carbofuran degrades by hydrolysis under alkaline conditions and by biodegradation. Aquatic volatilization, adsorption, and bioconcentration are not expected to be important.

• Stoffwechselwegen

  The fate of carbofuran has been investigated in soils, plants, mammals, birds, fish and insects. Metabolic pathways include hydrolysis, oxidation (ring and N-methyl hydroxylation) and conjugation. The metabolism of carbofuran has been extensively reviewed by Schlagbauer and Schlagbauer (1972) and Kuhr and Dorough (1976). Metabolism in economic animals was reviewed by Akhtar (1985). Consequently the many primary publications are not usually cited.

• Stoffwechsel

  Carbofuran (1) is degraded by hydrolysis and oxidation in soil before ultimate mineralization . The rate of hydrolysis in soils is slightly higher under flooded than under nonflooded conditions. Products depend on the soil type and the prevalence of aerobic or anaerobic conditions, and it was also reported that carbofuran did not degrade under anaerobic conditions. The products, 3-hydroxycarbofuran (2) and 3-ketocarbofuran (3), have been isolated from soil extracts after incubation with carbofuran. The phenol (7) was identified as a major product in several studies. The products are further degraded and bound to soil organic matter. Enhanced degradation may follow repeated applications of carbofuran to soils, and bacterial cultures capable of rapidly degrading carbofuran have been obtained from treated soils.

• Lager

  Carbofuran should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, in their original containers only. It should not be kept stored or used near heat, open flame, or hot surfaces

• Versand/Shipping

  UN2757 Carbamate pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials. UN 2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name RequiredUN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required

• Degradation

  Carbofuran (1) is very stable in weakly acidic media and has a DT₅₀ of <1 year at pH 4 (22°C). It is stable in neutral media but unstable in basic conditions (PM). Carbofuran was hydrolysed to the phenol (5) with a half-life of 67 minutes at 37.5 °C at pH 9.5. 3-Ketocarbofuran (3) and N-hydroxymethylcarbofuran (4) (Scheme 2) were hydrolysed faster than carbofuran in alkaline solution (Metcalf et al., 1968). Unlabelled carbofuran was dissolved in water and irradiated by sunlight in India for 30 days. Samples were extracted and analysed by GC and TLC.
  Products were 3-ketocarbofuran (3) and the 4-hydroxycarbofuran phenol (8). (Raha and Das, 1990). Solid carbofuran was applied to glass plates and irradiated with fluorescent light or sunlight. 3-Hydroxycarbofuran (2) was detected after 2 days; 3-ketocarbofuran (3) was not detected (Metcalf et al., 1968). These pathways are illustrated in Scheme 1.

• Toxicity evaluation

  Carbofuran undergoes hydrolytic and oxidative processes in mammals. In rats, about 72% of the administered dose was eliminated in the urine within 24 hours as conjugated metabolites, mainly as conjugates of the 3- ketocarbofuran phenol (5). The products of metabolism in plants are 3-hydroxycarbofuran (4) and 3-ketocarbofuran phenol (5).

• Inkompatibilitäten

  Alkaline substances, acid, strong oxidizers, such as perchlorates, peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, permanganates.

• Waste disposal

  Alkaline hydrolysis is the recommended mode of disposal. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office.

• Vorsichtsmaßnahmen

  During use/handling of carbofuran, workers should wear coveralls or a long-sleeved uniform, head covering, and chemical protective gloves made of materials such as rubber, neoprene, or nitrile. Occupational workers should know that areas treated with carbofuran are hazardous. The runoff of carbofuran material and the fi re control releases irritating or poisonous gases. It is advisable that workers should enter storehouses or carbofuran-treated close spaces with caution

Carbofuran Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

1563-66-2, Carbofuran Verwandte Suche: