Acetamid

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Warnung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H351：Kann vermutlich Krebs verursachen.

• Sicherheit

  P201：Vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.

  P202：Vor Gebrauch alle Sicherheitshinweise lesen und verstehen.

  P280：Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.

  P308+P313：BEI Exposition oder falls betroffen: Ärztlichen Rat einholen/ärztliche Hilfe hinzuziehen.

  P405：Unter Verschluss aufbewahren.

  P501：Inhalt/Behälter ... (Entsorgungsvorschriften vom Hersteller anzugeben) zuführen.

Acetamide Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• ERSCHEINUNGSBILD

  FARBLOSE, ZERFLIESSENDE KRISTALLE.

• CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN

  Zersetzung beim Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger Rauche mit Stickstoffoxiden. Reagiert mit Säuren und starken Oxidationsmitteln.

• ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE

  TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
  MAK: Krebserzeugend Kategorie 3B; (DFG 2005).
  

• AUFNAHMEWEGE

  Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols.

• INHALATIONSGEFAHREN

  Verdampfen bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine belästigende Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden, vor allem als Pulver.

• WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION

  WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
  Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Haut.

• WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION

  Möglicherweise krebserzeugend für den Menschen.

• LECKAGE

  Verschüttetes Material in Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P2-Filter für schädliche Partikel.

• R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.

• S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.

• Aussehen Eigenschaften

  C2H5NO; Essigsäureamid. Farblose Kristalle, praktisch ohne Geruch.

• Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt

  Irreversibler Schaden möglich.
  LD₅₀ (oral, Ratte): 7000 mg/kg

• Schutzmaßnahmen und Verhaltensregeln

  Geeignete Schutzhandschuhe als kurzzeitiger Staubschutz.

• Verhalten im Gefahrfall

  Trocken aufnehmen. Mit Wasser nachreinigen.
  Kohlendioxid, Wasser, Pulver.
  Brennbar. Im Brandfall können nitrose Gase entstehen.

• Erste Hilfe

  Nach Hautkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser abwaschen.
  Nach Augenkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser bei geöffnetem Lidspalt mindestens 10 Minuten ausspülen. Sofort Augenarzt hinzuziehen.
  Nach Einatmen: Frischluft.
  Nach Verschlucken: Viel Wasser trinken lassen. Erbrechen auslösen. Sofort Arzt hinzuziehen.
  Nach Kleidungskontakt: Kontaminierte Kleidung entfernen.
  Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag

• Sachgerechte Entsorgung

  Als feste Laborchemikalienabfälle.

• Beschreibung

  Acetamide (MEA or ethanamide), the amide of acetic acid, is a white crystalline solid in pure form with a mousy odor. Low toxicity. It is produced by dehydrating ammonium acetate. Acetamide is found in red beetroot.
  Acetamide is used primarily as a solvent, plasticizer, and a wetting and penetrating agent. it was used as an intermediate in the synthesis of methylamine, thioacetamide, hypnotics, insecticides, medicinals and various plastics, a soldering flux ingredient, a wetting agent and penetration accelerator for dyes, and as a plasticizer in leather, cloth and coatings.
  ethanolamine is an amide made from acetamide and monoethanolamine. It is a clear liquid. In cosmetics and personal care products, It is used in the formulation of bubble baths, hair conditioners, shampoos, wave sets, moisturizers, and other bath and hair care products.It increases the water content of the top layers of the skin by drawing moisture from the surrounding air. It also enhances the appearance and feel of hair, by increasing hair body, suppleness, or sheen, or by improving the texture of hair that has been damaged physically or by chemical treatment.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Acetamide occurs as hexagonal colourless deliquescent crystals with a musty odour. It is incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidising agents, strong bases, and triboluminescent materials. Acetamide is used primarily as a solvent, a plasticiser, and a wetting and penetrating agent. Workplace exposures to acetamide are associated with the plastic and chemical industries.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Acetamide is a colorless to yellow, deliquescent, crystalline solid. Odorless if pure, “mousy” odor if impure. Odor threshold5140 160 milligram per cubic meter.

• Verwenden

  Cryoscopy; organic synthesis; general solvent; lacquers; explosives, soldering flux; wetting agent; plasticizer

• Verwenden

  As a dipolar solvent, acetamide finds many uses as a solvent for both inorganic and organic compounds. The solvency has led to widespread uses in industry including applications in cryoscopy, soldering, and the textile industry. The neutral and amphoteric characteristics allow its use as an antacid in the lacquer, explosives, and cosmetics industries. Its hygroscopic properties make it useful as a plasticizer in coatings, fixtures, cloth, and leather, and as a humectant for paper. It is also a raw material in organic synthesis of methylamine and thioacetamide and as an intermediate in preparation of medicines, insecticides, and plastics.

• Verwenden

  1. Acetamide is often used as plasticizer and as industrial solvent.
  2. molten acetamide is an excellent solvent for many organic and inorganic compounds.
  3. Solubilizer.
  4. renders sparingly soluble substances more soluble in water by mere addition or by fusion.
  5. stabilizer.
  6. manufacture of methylamine, denaturing alcohol.
  7. In organic syntheses.
  8. Acetamide is used as a co-monomer in the production of polymeric materials such as polyvinyl acetamide, a polymeric product used as an absorbent.
  9. It can be used for the transamidation of carbxamides in 1,4-dioxane in the absence of a catalyst.

• Definition

  ChEBI: Acetamide is a member of the class of acetamides that results from the formal condensation of acetic acid with ammonia. It is a monocarboxylic acid amide, a N-acylammonia and a member of acetamides. It is a tautomer of an acetimidic acid.

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  Colorless crystals with a mousy odor (NTP, 1999). Low toxicity.

• Air & Water Reaktionen

  Deliquescent. Very soluble in water.

• Reaktivität anzeigen

  Acetamide may react with azo and diazo compounds to generate toxic gases. May form flammable gases with strong reducing agents. Reacts as a weak bases (weaker than water). Mixing with dehydrating agents such as P2O5 or SOCl2 generates acetonitrile Burns to give toxic mixed oxides of nitrogen (NOx).

• Health Hazard

  After oral exposures to acetamide, animals developed liver tumors. However, no informa- tion is available on the carcinogenic effects of acetamide in humans. The US EPA has not classifi ed acetamide for carcinogenicity. The IARC has classifi ed acetamide as a Group 2B, meaning a possible human carcinogen.

• Health Hazard

  Mild irritant; acute oral toxicity in animals very low; oral LD50 value (rats):7000 mg/kg; carcinogenic to animals; oraladministration caused blood and liver tumorsin mice and rats; carcinogenicity: animal limited evidence, no evidence in humans.

• Brandgefahr

  The flash point of Acetamide has not been determined, but Acetamide is probably combustible.

• Sicherheitsprofil

  Suspected carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and neoplastigenic data. Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal and possibly other routes. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. See also AMIDES. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx,.

• mögliche Exposition

  Used as a stabilizer, plasticizer, wetting agent; solvent in plastics, lacquers, explosive; soldering flux ingredient; and chemical manufacturing

• target

  Histone Methyltransferase

• Carcinogenicity

  The IARC has determined that there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity for acetamide in experimental animals and that it is possibly carcinogenic to humans.

• Environmental Fate

  The mechanism of toxicity of acetamide is not known; the response profile is quite different from the better studied dimethyl derivative. Acetamide appears to be in a class of chemicals which, although producing liver cancer in rodents, is less sensitive to inactive in genetic tests looking at formation of micronuclei. The carcinogenic response in rodents appears related to the formation of hydroxylamine from the primary metabolite acetohydroxamic acid.

• Lager

  Acetamide should be kept stored in a tightly closed container, in a cool, dry, ventilated area. It should be protected against physical damage, away from any source of heat, ignition, or oxidizing materials.

• Versand/Shipping

  UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required

• läuterung methode

  Acetamide is crystallised by dissolving in hot MeOH (0.8mL/g), diluting with Et2O and allowing to stand [Wagner J Chem Edu 7 1135 1930]. Alternate crystallisation solvents are acetone, *benzene, chloroform, dioxane, methyl acetate or *benzene/ethyl acetate mixtures (3:1 and 1:1). It has also been recrystallised from hot water after treating with HCl-washed activated charcoal (which had been repeatedly washed with water until free from chloride ions), then crystallised again from hot 50% aqueous EtOH and finally twice from hot 95% EtOH [Christoffers & Kegeles J Am Chem Soc 85 2562 1963]. Finally it is dried in a vacuum desiccator over P2O5. Acetamide is also purified by distillation (b 221-223o) or by sublimation in vacuo. It has also been purified by two recrystallisations from cyclohexane containing 5% (v/v) of *benzene. Needle-like crystals separate and are filtered, washed with a small volume of distilled H2O and dried with a flow of dry N2. [Slebocka-Tilk et al. J Am Chem Soc 109 4620 1987, Beilstein 2 H 175, 2 I 80, 2 II 177, 2 III 384, 2 IV 399.]

• Toxicity evaluation

  Acetamide will exist as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Atmospheric degradation occurs by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals. The half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7.6 days. If released to soil, acetamide is expected to have very high mobility and is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment. Experiments suggest that this chemical may break down in the environment through biodegradation and not through hydrolysis. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based on this compound’s estimated Henry’s law constant.

• Inkompatibilitäten

  Reacts with strong acids, such as hydrochloric, sulfuric, and nitric, strong oxidizers; strong bases; strong reducing agents such as hydrides; ammoniaisocyanates, phenols, cresols. Contact with water causes slow hydrolyzation to ammonia and acetate salts.

• Waste disposal

  Add to alcohol or benzene as a flammable solvent and incinerate; oxides of nitrogen produced may be scrubbed out with alkaline solution. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.

• Vorsichtsmaßnahmen

  During handling and/use of acetamide, workers should wear special protective equipment. After leaving work areas, workers should wash hands, face, forearms, and neck, dispose of outer clothing, and change to clean garments at the end of the day.

Acetamide Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Acetamid Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global(578)Suppliers

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