General Description
White powder.
Reactivity Profile
BENZAMIDE(55-21-0) reacts with azo and diazo compounds to generate toxic gases. Forms flammable gases with strong reducing agents. Mixing with dehydrating agents such as P2O5 or SOCl2 generates the corresponding nitrile. Combustion generates toxic mixed oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.
Hazard
Depresses the central nervous system;
toxic.
Potential Exposure
Benzamide is used in organic
synthesis.
Fire Hazard
Flash point data for this chemical are not available, however BENZAMIDE is probably combustible.
First aid
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including
resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical
attention. Give large quantities of water and induce
vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Chemical Properties
Benzamide is a combustible, colorless to beige, off-white, crystalline solid; freezing/melting point=132-133° C. It is slightly soluble in water, and soluble in many organic solvents.
Benzamide was used to study the mechanism of photocatalytic decomposition of aqueous solution of acetic acid, acetamide and acetonitrile in the presence of semiconductors. It was used to develop a robust screening method to study biotransformations using (+)-γ-lactamase enzyme.
Definition
ChEBI: An aromatic amide that consists of benzene bearing a single carboxamido substituent. The parent of the class of benzamides.
Preparation
Take a mixture of 5 ml concentrated ammonia and 5 ml water in a conical flask with a well-fitting cork. Add 2 ml (2.4 g.) benzoyl chloride, cork the flask and shake vigorously. Heat generates due to the reaction, hence hold the cork securely during shaking. After 15 min not even a trace of oily benzoyl chloride remains. Filter the fine flakes, wash with cold water and recrystallise from hot water: yield, 1-5 g. Colourless crystals of benzamide.
Preparation of benzamide from benzoyl chloride
Biochem/physiol Actions
Inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).
Clinical Use
Benzamide on radioiodination by different labeling procedures results in large-scale production of radioiodinated benzamides having potential therapeutic application for patients with metastatic malignant melanoma.
storage
Color Code—Green: General storage may be used.Store in a refrigerator or a cool, dry place.
Purification Methods
Crystallise it from hot water (about 5mL/g), EtOH or 1,2-dichloroethane, and dry it in air. It has also been crystallised from dilute aqueous NH3, H2O, Me2CO, then *C6H6 using a Soxhlet extractor. Dry it in an oven at 110o for 8hours and store in a desiccator over 99% H2SO4. [Bates & Hobbs J Am Chem Soc 73 2151 1951, Beilstein 9 IV 725.]
