Аммония роданид
- английское имяAmmonium thiocyanate
- CAS №1762-95-4
- CBNumberCB5853210
- ФормулаCHNS.H3N
- мольный вес76.12
- EINECS217-175-6
- номер MDLMFCD00011428
- файл Mol1762-95-4.mol
химическое свойство
| Температура плавления | 152-154 °C (lit.) |
| Температура кипения | 262.85°C |
| плотность | 1.3 |
| Плотность накопления | 600-700kg/m3 |
| давление пара | <1 hPa (20 °C) |
| показатель преломления | 1.5300 (estimate) |
| Fp | 190 °C |
| температура хранения | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
| растворимость | H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless |
| форма | Solid |
| Удельный вес | 1.305 |
| цвет | clear colorless or white |
| Запах | Odorless |
| Водородный показатель | 4.5 - 6.0 |
| РН | 4.8-5.8 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Растворимость в воде | 163 g/100 mL (20 ºC) |
| Чувствительный | Light Sensitive & Hygroscopic |
| Мерк | 14,561 |
| БРН | 3595135 |
| Пределы воздействия | NIOSH: IDLH 25 mg/m3 |
| Стабильность | Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. Forms explosive mixtures with lead nitrate. |
| LogP | 0.58 |
| Непрямые добавки, используемые в веществах, контактирующих с пищевыми продуктами | AMMONIUM THIOCYANATE |
| FDA 21 CFR | 175.105 |
| Справочник по базе данных CAS | 1762-95-4(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| Рейтинг продуктов питания EWG | 1 |
| FDA UNII | YYL9152Z1Y |
| Система регистрации веществ EPA | Ammonium thiocyanate (1762-95-4) |
| UNSPSC Code | 12352301 |
| NACRES | NB.24 |
больше
| Коды опасности | Xn,Xi | |||||||||
| Заявления о рисках | 20/21/22-32-52/53-36/37/38 | |||||||||
| Заявления о безопасности | 13-61-36/37-36-26-46 | |||||||||
| РИДАДР | 9092 | |||||||||
| WGK Германия | 1 | |||||||||
| RTECS | XK7875000 | |||||||||
| F | 3 | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| кода HS | 28380000 | |||||||||
| Банк данных об опасных веществах | 1762-95-4(Hazardous Substances Data) | |||||||||
| Токсичность | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 500 mg/kg | |||||||||
| NFPA 704: |
|
рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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сигнальный язык
опасность
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вредная бумага
H318：При попадании в глаза вызывает необратимые последствия.
H302+H312+H332：Вредно при проглатывании, при попадании на кожу или при вдыхании.
H412：Вредно для водных организмов с долгосрочными последствиями.
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оператор предупредительных мер
P273：Избегать попадания в окружающую среду.
P280：Использовать перчатки/ средства защиты глаз/ лица.
P301+P312：ПРИ ПРОГЛАТЫВАНИИ: Обратиться за медицинской помощью при плохом самочувствии.
P302+P352+P312：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ НА КОЖУ: Промыть большим количеством воды. Обратиться за медицинской помощью при плохом самочувствии.
P304+P340+P312：ПРИ ВДЫХАНИИ: Свежий воздух, покой. Обратиться за медицинской помощью при плохом самочувствии.
P305+P351+P338：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ В ГЛАЗА: Осторожно промыть глаза водой в течение нескольких минут. Снять контактные линзы, если Вы ими пользуетесь и если это легко сделать. Продолжить промывание глаз.
Аммония роданид химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
Ammonium thiocyanate is a colorless solid which absorbs moisture, becoming liquid, known as the “liquor.”Использование
Colorless deliquescent crystals made by boiling an aqueous solution of ammonium cyanide with sulfur or polysulfides. It must be kept in a well-sealed container. The principal use for ammonium thiocyanate was in gold-toning formulas, but it was also used in a 5 percent solution to dissolve gelatin in overexposed carbon prints.Методы производства
Ammonium thiocyanate (plus ammonium sulfide) [CAS: 12135-76-1] may be made by reaction of ammonia and carbon disulfide, a reaction which probably accounts for the presence of ammonium thiocyanate in the products of the destructive distillation of coal. This reaction corresponds to the formation of ammonium cyanate from ammonia and carbon dioxide.Подготовка
(NH4)2S is obtained from reacting hydrogen sulfide with excess of ammonia:H2S + 2NH3 → (NH4)2S.
Определение
ammonium thiocyanate: A colourless, soluble crystalline compound,NH4NCS. It is made by theaction of hydrogen cyanide on ammoniumsulphide or from ammoniaand carbon disulphide in ethanol. Onheating, it turns into its isomerthiourea, SC(NH2)2. Its solutions givea characteristic blood-red colour withiron(III) compounds and so are employedas a test for ferric iron. Ammoniumthiocyanate is used as arapid fixative in photography and asan ingredient in making explosives.Общее описание
Ammonium thiocyanate is a colorless crystalline solid. Ammonium thiocyanate is soluble in water. The primary hazard is the threat posed to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Ammonium thiocyanate is used in chemical analysis, in photography, as a fertilizer, and for many other uses.Реакции воздуха и воды
Water soluble.Профиль реактивности
Ammonium thiocyanate can release ammonia vapors if mixed with a chemical base or with an acid. Violent or explosive reactions have occurred when thiocyanates are mixed with oxidizing agents (such as chlorates(potassium chlorate), nitrates, nitric acid, and peroxides). Nitric acid violently oxidized a thiocyanate solution [Bretherick 1979 p. 121]. An explosion of guanidine nitrate demolished an autoclave built to withstand 50 atmospheres, in which Ammonium thiocyanate was being made from Ammonium thiocyanate and lead nitrate [C. Angew. Chem. 49:23 1936].Угроза здоровью
Inhalation of dust causes irritation of nose and throat. Ingestion causes dizziness, cramps, nervous disturbances. Dust irritates eyes. Can be absorbed through skin; prolonged contact may produce various skin eruptions, dizziness, cramps, nausea, and mild to severe disturbance of the nervous system.Пожароопасность
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Decomposes to form ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen cyanide. Oxides of nitrogen may also form. All of these products are toxic.Профиль безопасности
Poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: hallucinations and distorted perceptions, nausea or vomiting, and other gastrointestinal effects. See also THIOCYANATES. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NH3, NOx, SO,, and CN-. Incompatible with KClO3 and mixtures with Pb(NO3)2.Возможный контакт
It has many uses in making matches, fabric processing; metals processing; chemical manufacturing, electroplating; zinc coating; liquid rocket propellents, fabric dyeing, polymerization catalyst, in photography. Used as a laboratory chemical. May be used as an agricultural chemical: herbicides, weed killers, defoliants.Перевозки
UN2672 Ammonia solutions, relative density between 0.880 and 0.957 at 15 C in water, with . 10 % but not . 35 % ammonia, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8- Corrosive material. UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9- Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.Методы очистки
Crystallise it three times from dilute HClO4 to give material optically transparent at wavelengths longer than 270nm. It has also been crystallised from absolute MeOH or from acetonitrile.Несовместимости
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Acts as an acid; incompatible with lead nitrate, chlorates, nitric acid, acid, acid fumes. In the presence of moisture, this chemical is corrosive to brass, copper, iron. Ammonium thiocyanate liquor can release ammonia vapors if mixed with a chemical base or with an acid. Violent or explosive reactions have occurred when thiocyanates are mixed with oxidizing agents . Nitric acid violently oxidized a thiocyanate solution . An explosion of guanidine nitrate demolished an autoclave built to withstand 50 atmospheres, in which it was being made from ammonium thiocyanate and lead nitrate .Утилизация отходов
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Slowly add to large container of water. Stir in slight excess of soda ash. Decant or siphon liquid from sludge, neutralize with HCl and flush to sewer. Sludge may be landfilled.Аммония роданид запасные части и сырье
сырьё
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