1-(1-NAPHTHYL)-2-THIOUREA

Описание

a-Naphthylthiourea (ANTU; also called DIRAX) is toxic by inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. Due to its very narrow spectrum of activity, production was discontinued a long time ago. Exposure to ANTU causes pulmonary edema; therefore, it is often used as an experimental pneumotoxin. ANTU is a graycolored, prism-shaped, odorless powder with a bitter taste. It has a molecular weight of 202.28 and melting point of 200 ℃ and does not ignite readily. However, on interaction with potential oxidizing agents, it may cause fire and explosions, which can lead to hazardous decomposition products such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide. The structure of ANTU contains the naphthalene chromophore, which absorbs UV light at ～311 nm. This suggests that ANTU can undergo photolysis.

Химические свойства

greyish to beige-brown crystals or cryst. powder

Физические свойства

Colorless crystals when pure. Technical product is grayish-blue. Odorless solid. Bitter taste.

Использование

Rodenticide. Specific control for the adult Norway rat; less toxic to other rat species.

Общее описание

White crystal or powder; technical product is gray powder. Has no odor but a bitter taste. Used primarily as a rodenticide for control of adult Norway rats. Not produced commercially in the U.S.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Slightly soluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

1-(1-NAPHTHYL)-2-THIOUREA is incompatible with the following: Strong oxidizers, silver nitrate .

Опасность

Toxic by ingestion

Угроза здоровью

Moderately toxic: probable oral lethal dose (human) 0.5-5 gm/kg, or between 1 ounce and 1 pint (or l lb.) for 150 lb. person. Chronic sublethal exposure may cause antithyroid activity. Can produce hyperglycemia of three times normal in three hours. People with chronic respiratory disease or liver disease may be especially at risk.

Пожароопасность

Emits sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, and carbon monoxide fumes upon decomposition. 1-(1-NAPHTHYL)-2-THIOUREA reacts with silver nitrate and strong oxidizers. Avoid decomposing heat.

Профиль безопасности

Poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic to humans by an unspecified route. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Mutagenic data. A rodenticide used extensively. Death is caused by pulmonary edema. Chronic toxicity has been known to cause dermatitis and a decrease in the white blood cells. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and SOx.

Возможный контакт

ANTU or its formulations are used as a rodenticide.

Канцерогенность

ANTU was not carcinogenic in rodent feeding studies.4 Cases of bladder tumors among rat catchers exposed to ANTU have been attributed to b-naphthylamine, a manufacturing impurity of ANTU. In bacterial assays ANTU induced mutations.

Экологическая судьба

Chemical/Physical. The hydrolysis rate constant for ANTU at pH 7 and 25°C was determined to be 8 × 10–5/hour, resulting in a half-life of 361 days (Ellington et al., 1988)
Emits very toxic fumes of nitrogen and sulfur oxides when heated to decomposition (Lewis, 1990)

хранилище

α-Naphthalene thiourea should be kept stored in a tightly closed container in a locked poison room, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

Перевозки

UN1651 Naphthylthiourea, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.

Методы очистки

Crystallise ANTU from EtOH. [Beilstein 12 III 2941, 12 IV 3086.]

Несовместимости

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, silver nitrate.

Утилизация отходов

Incinerate in a furnace equipped with an alkaline scrubber. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.

Меры предосторожности

Workers should use/handle α-naphthalene thiourea with adequate ventilation. During use, dust generation and accumulation should be minimum, and avoid contact with the eyes, skin, and clothing.