Метил бутира

Описание

Methyl butyrate, also known as methyl butanoate , is an ester with a fruity odor pineapple, apple, and strawberry. At room temperature, it is a colorless liquid with low solubility in water, upon which it floats to form an oily layer. Although it is flammable, it has a relatively low vapor pressure ( 40 mmHg at 30°C), so it can be safely handled at room temperature without special safety precautions.

Химические свойства

Methyl butyrate is colourless liquid that has an apple-like odor and a corresponding sweet taste that is not very powerful. Below 100 ppm, it may have a banana-pineapple flavor. Miscible in ethanol and ether, slightly soluble in water (1:60). May be prepared from methyl alcohol and butyric acid in the presence of concentrated H2S04.

Вхождение

Metyhl butyrate occurs naturally in pineapple oil, round grapefruit juice, apple juice, kiwi and mushrooms. It is used as a flavor ingredient in fruit and rum flavoring for beverages, ice cream, candy, and baked goods.

Использование

Methyl butyrate is used as a solvent for ethylcellulose and nitrocellulose resins. It is also used in lacquers and perfumes and in the manufacture of rum and fruit flavors.

Подготовка

Methyl butyrate is produced from methyl alcohol and butyric acid in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid. The synthesis of methyl butyrate by the reaction between butyric acid and methanol with acidic ion exchange resin as a catalyst in presence of ultrasound irradiation was successfully carried out.

прикладной

Methyl butyrate is an important raw material and intermediate used in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and dyestuff fields.

Определение

ChEBI: Methyl butyrate is a fatty acid ester.

Общее описание

Methyl butyrate appears as a clear colorless liquid. Flash point 57°F. Less dense than water and slightly soluble in water. Hence floats on water. Vapors heavier than air.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

Methyl butyrate reacts exothermically with acids to generate alcohols and carboxylic acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by interaction with basic or caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing with alkali metals and hydrides .

Опасность

Flammable, dangerous fire risk.

Угроза здоровью

Irritating to the eyes, nose, throat, upper respiratory tract, and skin.

Пожароопасность

HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

Промышленное использование

Methyl butyrate is occasionally used as a masking agent in industrial perfumes especially where the problem is to mask very volatile malodors, etc. The type of odor is particularly suitable to cover sulfuraceous odors.
It is, however, much more widely used in flavor compositions for imitation Apple, Banana, Pineapple, Melon, Peach, Rum and Arak, and in various fruit complexes. The concentration used is equivalent to about 20 to 100 ppm in the finished consumer product.

Профиль безопасности

Moderately toxic by ingestion and skin contact. A skin irritant. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also ESTERS.

Возможный контакт

Methyl butyrate, one of the odorous compound present in different types of adhesive (hotmelt, vinyl acetate ethylene, starch, polyvinyl acetate and acrylic) used in food packaging, was identified by GC-O-MS (gas chromatography–mass spectrometry–olfactometry).

Канцерогенность

Not listed by ACGIH, California Proposition 65, IARC, NTP, or OSHA.

Методы очистки

Treat the ester with anhydrous CuSO4, then distil it under dry nitrogen. [Beilstein 2 IV 786.]

использованная литература

[1] Ruth Winter, A Consumer's Dictionary of Food Additives, 7th Edition, 2009
[2] Laurent Ducry and Dominique M. Roberge, Dibal-H Reduction of Methyl Butyrate into Butyraldehyde using Microreactors, Organic Process Research & Development, 2008, vol. 12, 163-167