3-(Dimethylamino)propionitrile has been used:
- to initiate the organic polymerization during the synthesis of class I hybrid poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/silica hydrogels
- in preparation of cysteine modifying agents based on the solvatochromic fluorophore 4-N,N-dimethylamino-1,8-naphthalimide (4-DMN)
3-
Dimethylaminopropionitrile is used as a solvent, dielectric
fluid, and an intermediate.
3-Dimethylaminopropionitrile is derived from heating barium
ethyl sulfate and KCN with subsequent distillation.
Colorless liquid. Mp: -44.3°C; bp: 171-172°C. Density 0.87 g cm-3 at 20°C). Water-soluble. Used in the manufacture of polyurethane foam. Excessive exposure leads to urologic and neurologic disorders.
Dimethylaminopropionitrile is combustible but non-flammable (flash point > 140°F), reacts with oxidizing agents (Hazardous Chemicals Desk Reference, p. 426 (1987)). Reacts violently with LIAlH4, a strong reducing agent. Emits toxic oxides of nitrogen and cyanide fumes when heated to decomposition.
Poison by intravenous
route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and
skin contact. A skin and eye irritant.
Flammable liquid when exposed to heat,
flame, or oxidizers; can react with oxidizing
materials. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry
chemical. When heated to decomposition it
emits highly toxic fumes of NOx and CN-.
See also NITRILES.
