Chemical Properties
clear colourless to slightly yellow liquid
Chemical Properties
Propargyl alcohol is a colorless liquid with a
geranium-like odor.
Uses
To prevent the hydrogen embrittlement
of steel; as a corrosion inhibitor,
solvent stabilizer, soil fumigant, and chemical
intermediate.
Uses
It is used in metal plating and pickling and asa corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in mineral acids. It also finds application in preventingthe hydrogen embrittling of mild steel inacids. It is used as an intermediate for makingmiticide and sulfadiazine..
Uses
Propargyl alcohol is a solvent stabilizer that is useful as an intermediate in organic synthesis, an electroplating brightener additive. It is useful 3-carbon fragment in acetylene coupling reactions, It undergoes Pd-catalyzed O-coupling with alcohols to give the corresponding 1-methoxyallyl ethers.
Uses
Chemical intermediate, corrosion inhibitor,
lab reagent, solvent stabilizer, prevents hydrogen
embrittlement of steel, soil fumigant.
Production Methods
Propargyl alcohol is the major commercially available acetylenic
primary alcohol. Propargyl alcohol is a byproduct
of butynediol production. In the usual high-pressure
butynediol process, about 5% of the product is propargyl
alcohol. Some processes give higher proportions of propargyl
alcohol.
Definition
ChEBI: A terminal acetylenic compound that is prop-2-yne substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.
General Description
A dark liquid with a "fishlike" odor. Less dense than water. Flash point 90°F. Boiling point is 239°F. Corrosive and contact may severely irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. Used to make other chemicals.
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. Soluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
PROPARGYL ALCOHOL, FATTY ACID DERIVED AMINES is an aminoalcohol mixture. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. When phosphorus pentaoxide is added to PROPARGYL ALCOHOL caused ignition. Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid [Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73 1967; J, Org. Chem. 28:1893 1963]. Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites [NFPA 491 M 1991]. Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence [Wischmeyer 1969].
Hazard
Flammable, moderate fire risk. Toxic by
ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption. Eye irri-
tant, liver and kidney damage.
Health Hazard
May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Health Hazard
2-Propyn-1-ol is a moderately toxic substancecausing depression of the Central nervoussystem and irritation of the eyes and skin.
LD50 value, oral (rats): 70 mg/kg
LD50 value, oral (guinea pigs): 60 mg/kg.
Fire Hazard
Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Flammability and Explosibility
Flammable
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion,
skin contact, and subcutaneous routes.
Moderately toxic by inhalation. A central
nervous system depressant. A skin and
mucous membrane irritant. Mutation data
reported. Flammable liquid and dangerous
fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame;
can ignite. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry
chemical. Potentially explosive reactions
with alkalies (when dried), sulfuric acid.
Ignites on contact with phosphorus
pentaoxide. Violent reaction with
mercury(Ⅱ) sulfate + sulfuric acid + water
(at 70°C). Incompatible with oxidizing
materials. When heated to decomposition it
emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Used
as a corrosion inhibitor, solvent stabilizer,
soil fumigant, and chemical intermediate.
See also ACETYLENE COMPOUNDS.
Potential Exposure
Propargyl alcohol is used as
a corrosion inhibitor, soil fumigant; solvent, stabilizer, and
chemical intermediate.
storage
2-Propyn-1-ol is stored in stainless steellined, glass-lined, or phenolic-lined tanks ordrums. Unlined steel containers may be usedif free of rust. Aluminum, rubber, and epoxymaterials should not be used. Use protectivewear when handling. Wash thoroug.
Shipping
UN1986 Alcohols, flammable, toxic, n.o.s.,
Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, 6.1-
Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. UN2929
Toxic liquids, flammable, organic, n.o.s., Hazard class: 6.1;
Purification Methods
The commercial material contains a stabiliser. An aqueous solution of propargyl alcohol can be concentrated by azeotropic distillation with butanol or butyl acetate. Dry it with K2CO3 and distil it under reduced pressure, in the presence of about 1% succinic acid, through a glass helices-packed column. [Beilstein 1 IV 2214.]
Incompatibilities
Vapor may form explosive mixture with
air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, perox-
ides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluo-
rine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids,
oxoacids, epoxides, phosphorus pentoxide. May polymerize
under the influence of heat, oxidizers, peroxides, light.
Attacks many plastics.
Waste Disposal
Wear protective eye protec-
tion, gloves and clothing to prevent any reasonable proba-
bility of skin or eye contact. Safety equipment suppliers/
manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most
protective glove/clothing material for your operation. All
protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear)
should be clean, available each day, and put on before
work. Contact lenses should not be worn when working
with this chemical. Wear splash-proof chemical goggles
and face shield when working with liquid full facepiece
respiratory protection is worn. Employees should wash
immediately with soap when skin is wet or contaminated.
Provide emergency showers and eyewash.
