Ethylnitrat

Bezeichnung:Ethylnitrat

CAS-Nr625-58-1

Englisch Name:Ethyl nitrate

CBNumberCB6851985

SummenformelC2H5NO3

Molgewicht91.07

MOL-Datei625-58-1.mol

Synonyma

Ethylnitrat

Ethylnitrat physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	-94.59°C
Siedepunkt	87.25°C
Dichte	1.1084
Brechungsindex	1.3852
Löslichkeit	1.3 ml soluble in 100 ml water at 55°C; miscible with alcohol and ether
Henry's Law Constant	1.6×10^-2 mol/(m³Pa) at 25℃, Burkholder et al. (2019)
Dielectric constant	19.7(20℃)
EPA chemische Informationen	Ethyl nitrate (625-58-1)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	E
R-Sätze:	2
S-Sätze:	23-24/25
RIDADR	0473
TSCA	TSCA listed
HazardClass	1.1A
Giftige Stoffe Daten	625-58-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Ethyl nitrate Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R2:Durch Schlag, Reibung, Feuer oder andere Zündquellen explosionsgefährlich.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S23:Gas/Rauch/Dampf/Aerosol nicht einatmen(geeignete Bezeichnung(en) vom Hersteller anzugeben).
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
Beschreibung
Ethyl nitrate has formula C₂H₅NO₃. It is used in organic synthesis and as an intermediate in the preparation of some drugs, dyes, and perfumes.
Ethyl nitrate is found in the atmosphere, where it can react with other gases to form smog. Originally thought to be a pollutant, formed mainly by the combustion of fossil fuels, recent analysis of ocean water samples reveal that in places where cool water rises from the deep, the water is saturated with alkyl nitrates, likely formed by natural processes.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Colorless liquid; pleasant odor; sweet taste.Soluble in alcohol and ether; insoluble in water.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Ethyl nitrate is capable of explosive decomposition when exposed to heat.
Verwenden
Organic synthesis, drugs, perfumes, dyes, rocket propellant.
synthetische
Ethyl nitrate has been prepared by bubbling gaseous nitryl fluoride through ethanol at 10 °C . The reaction was subsequently studied in detail.
Vorbereitung Methode
The alkyl nitrates are produced from the corresponding alcohols by esterification with nitric acid in the presence of urea or urea nitrate.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Flash point 50°F. Prolonged exposure to fire or heat may cause vigorous decomposition and rupturing of the container. Denser than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Organonitrates, such as Ethyl nitrate, range from slight to strong oxidizing agents. If mixed with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides, they may begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in a detonation. Nitroalkanes are milder oxidizing agents, but still react violently with reducing agents at higher temperature and pressures. Nitroalkanes react with inorganic bases to form explosive salts. The presence of metal oxides increases the thermal sensitivity of nitroalkanes. Nitroalkanes with more than one nitro group are generally explosive.
Hazard
Flammable, dangerous, fire and explosion risk.
Health Hazard
Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Health Hazard
In humans ethyl nitrate can cause headache, narcosis and vomiting, but no cases of industrial intoxication have been reported .
Industrielle Verwendung
Ethyl nitrate is used in the synthesis of certain drugs, perfumes and dyes. It has also found some use as a rocket fuel.
Sicherheitsprofil
A poison by intraperitoneal route. Mutation data reported. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxibzing materials. A moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat (explodes @ 185'F). To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical, water to blanket fire. Incompatible with Lewis acids. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also NITRATES and ESTERS.
Stoffwechsel
There is no information concerning the in vivo metabolism of ethyl nitrate, but it seems likely that one route for biotransformation is hydrolysis to yield an alcohol and nitrate. Such a pathway is common to other alkyl nitrates such as nitroglycerin and amyl nitrate.

Ethyl nitrate Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Ethylnitrat Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

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