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98-01-1

Name Furfural
CAS 98-01-1
EINECS(EC#) 202-627-7
Molecular Formula C5H4O2
MDL Number MFCD00003229
Molecular Weight 96.08
MOL File 98-01-1.mol

Chemical Properties

Description
Furfural is a colourless to amber-like oily liquid with an almond-like odour. On exposure to light and air, it turns reddish brown. Furfural is used in making chemicals, as a solvent in petroleum refining, a fungicide, and a weed killer. It is incompatible with strong acids, oxidisers, and strong alkalis. It undergoes polymerisation on contact with strong acids or strong alkalis. Furfural is produced commercially by the acid hydrolysis of pentosan polysaccharides from non-food residues of food crops and wood wastes. It is used widely as a solvent in petroleum refining, in the production of phenolic resins, and in a variety of other applications. Human exposure to furfural occurs during its production and use, as a result of its natural occurrence in many foods and from the combustion of coal and wood.
Appearance Furfural is a colorless to yellow aromatic het erocyclic aldehyde with an almond-like odor. Turns amber on exposure to light and air.
Melting point  -36 °C (lit.)
Boiling point  162 °C (lit.)
density  1.16 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density  3.31 (vs air)
vapor pressure  13.5 mm Hg ( 55 °C)
FEMA  2489
refractive index  n20/D 1.527
Fp  137 °F
storage temp.  2-8°C
solubility  95% ethanol: soluble1ML/mL, clear
form  Liquid
color  very deep brown
Odor at 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol. sweet woody almond fragrant baked bread
PH >=3.0 (50g/l, 25℃)
Stability: Stable. Substances to be avoided include strong bases, strong oxidizing agents and strong acids. Flammable.
explosive limit 2.1-19.3%(V)
Odor Type bready
Water Solubility  8.3 g/100 mL
FreezingPoint  -36.5℃
Sensitive  Air Sensitive
Detection Methods GC,NMR
JECFA Number 450
Merck  14,4304
BRN  105755
Henry's Law Constant 1.52(x 10-6 atm?m3/mol) at 20 °C (approximate - calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure)
Dielectric constant 41.9(20℃)
Exposure limits NIOSH REL: IDLH 100 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3); ACGIH TLV: TWA 2 ppm (adopted).
LogP 0.41
CAS DataBase Reference 98-01-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
IARC 3 (Vol. 63) 1995
NIST Chemistry Reference 2-Furancarboxaldehyde(98-01-1)
EPA Substance Registry System 98-01-1(EPA Substance)

Safety Data

Hazard Codes  T,Xi
Risk Statements 
R21:Harmful in contact with skin.
R23/25:Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed .
R36/37:Irritating to eyes and respiratory system .
R40:Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
Safety Statements 
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice .
S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection .
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) .
S1/2:Keep locked up and out of the reach of children .
RIDADR  UN 1199 6.1/PG 2
WGK Germany  2
RTECS  LT7000000
1-8-10
Autoignition Temperature 599 °F &_& 599 °F
Hazard Note  Irritant
TSCA  Yes
HazardClass  6.1
PackingGroup  II
HS Code  29321200
Safety Profile
Confirmed carcinogen. Poison by ingestion, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, intravenous, and intramuscular routes. Moderately toxic by inhalation and sktn contact. Human mutation data reported. A skin and eye irritant. Mutation data reported. The liquid is dangerous to the eyes. The vapor is irritating to mucous membranes and is a central nervous system poison. However, its low volatility reduces its toxicity effect. Ingestion of furfural has produced cirrhosis of the liver in rats. In industry there is a tendency to minimize the danger of acute effects resulting from exposure to it. This is particularly true because of its low volathty. Flammable liquid when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials. Moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame or by chemical reaction. An exothermic polymerization of almost explosive violence can occur upon contact with strong mineral acids or alkalies. Keep away from heat and open flames. Mixture with sodium hydrogen carbonate ignites spontaneously. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Hazardous Substances Data 98-01-1(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity
LD50 orally in rats: 127 mg/kg (Jenner)
IDLA 100 ppm

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