General Description
White crystalline solid. Used as a rodent repellent, molluscicide, fungicide and insecticide.
Reactivity Profile
TRIPHENYLTIN CHLORIDE(639-58-7) is in the family of tin compounds widely used as stabilizers for plastics, additives to paint(as antifouling agents). Some have catalytic properties. Examples include butyl tin, dibutyl tin oxide. Their main hazard is associated with their high toxicity, in skin adsorption or inhalation.
Air & Water Reactions
Hydrolyzes to hydroxide in water.
Health Hazard
Toxic and irritating to the skin. Dermal exposure may lead to severe skin burns as well as renal failure and possible death. (Non-Specific--Tin Compounds, Organic) Target organs affected are central nervous system, eyes, liver, urinary tract, skin and the blood.
Fire Hazard
When heated to decomposition, TRIPHENYLTIN CHLORIDE emits toxic fumes of chlorides. Hydrolyzes to hydroxide in water. Stable when stored in dark with dry air.
Uses
Chlorotriphenylstannane is used in the synthesis of nanoparticles which bear triamide ligands.
Definition
ChEBI: An organotin compound that is triphenylstannane in which the hydrogen attached to tin is replaced by a chloro group. A fungicide used to control blights on potatoes, leaf spot diseases on sugar beet and anthracnose on beans.
Production Methods
Fentin chloride is commercially produced by chlorinating triphenyltin hydroxide or triphenyltin compounds using chlorinating agents such as thionyl chloride or phosphorus pentachloride. The synthesis involves substituting the hydroxyl group in triphenyltin hydroxide with a chlorine atom under controlled conditions, typically in an inert organic solvent like toluene or benzene. The reaction is conducted at moderate temperatures in moisture-free environments to prevent hydrolysis and degradation of the organotin compound.
Mechanism of action
Non-systemic with predominate contact activity. Inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP synthase.
Purification Methods
Purify it by distillation, followed by recrystallisation from MeOH by adding pet ether (b 30-60o), m 105-106o [Kozeschow et al. Chem Ber 67 1348 1934], or by crystallisation from Et2O, or 5 parts of EtOH and a small volume of pet ether. [Krause Chem Ber 51 914 1918.] It sublimes in a vacuum. [Beilstein 16 H 914, 16 I 540, 16 II 625, 16 III 1240, 16 IV 1606.] HIGHLY TOXIC.
Pesticide Type
Fungicide; Algicide; Molluscicide
