107-97-1

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• Description

  Sarcosine(cas:107-97-1) is the N-methyl derivative of glycine. It can be metabolized to the glycine through sarcosine dehydrogenase. It can be naturally found in many body tissues including muscles. In the laboratory, sarcosine could be synthesized through the reaction between chloroacetic acid and methylamine. Sarcosine is a potential interesting direction for the treatment of mental illness such as schizophrenia, possibly being related to its effect of increasing the glycine content in the brain, which increased the NMDA receptor activity. Sarcosine is also effective in the treatment of depression. Recent study has shown that sarcosine might be an important bio-marker for prostate cancer. ;

• Chemical Properties

  Sarcosine, also known as N-methylglycine, is ubiquitous in biological materials and is present in such foods as egg yolks, turkey, ham, vegetables, legumes, etc. It reduced the production of sebum and imperfections linked to hyperseborrhea, thereby refining skin texture. Sarcosine matifies skin perfecting treatments and treatments for oily skin.
  
  Sarcosine is a natural amino acid found in muscles and other body tissues. It is found naturally as an intermediate in the metabolism of choline to glycine. Sarcosine is a white and deliquescence crystalline power. It is sweet to the taste and dissolves in water. It is used in manufacturing biodegradable surfactants and toothpastes as well as in other applications. ;

• Biological Functions

  Sarcosine reduces dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by inhibiting the enzyme 5 alphareductase. Sebum production is stimulated by androgens. 5 alpha-reductase metabolises testosterone in the skin into its more potent form dihydrotestosterone (DHT) that is responsible for the overproduction of sebum. As a result, sarcosine reduces shine, tightens and reduces pore size, evens tone and complexion.;

• Uses

  sarcosine is an intermediate in the production glycine from dietary consumption of choline. It is used in making toothpastes and biodegradable surfactants. Sarcosine can be found in foods such as vegetables, ham, egg yolks, turkey and legumes. The normal concentrations of sarcosine in human serum and in human urine are 1.4 µM and 1.6 µM respectively.
  Sarcosine has been observed to improve treatment of the mental illness known as schizophrenia: 2 g per day consumption of sarcosine (in addition to antipsychotic drug therapy) results in significant additional reductions not only both positive and negative symptoms, but also general psychopathological and neurocognitive symptoms. Sarcosine is thought to work by increasing glycine concentrations in the brain which causes increased NMDA receptor activation. Interestingly, consumption of sarcosine also reduced depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. A clinical study showed sarcosine to be significantly more effective in treating major depression than the established antidepressant drug Citalopram. ;

• Preparation

  Sarcosine is prepared by boiling creatine with an aqueous solution of 10 times its weight of barium hydroxide until all odour of ammonia has disappeared. The creatine is decomposed into sarcosine and urea, the latter product being further split up into ammonia and carbonic acid.The excess of barium hydroxide is removed by a current of carbon dioxide, the liquid boiled, filtered, and evaporated to a syrup, from which the sarcosine is deposited in foliated crystals on standing. Sarcosine also results from the action of acids or alkalies on caffeine and theobromine (Vol.VI); and w. Paulmann (Arch. Pharm., 232, 601) recommends the hydrolysis of caffeine as the best method for the preparation of sarcosine, the yield being 60% of the theoretical.;

• References

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcosine
  https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/sarcosine#section=Top ;

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