Трихлорацетилхлорид

Химические свойства

Trichloroacetyl chloride is similar to dichloroacetyl chloride. It is a clear colourless liquid. Decomposes in water; soluble in alcohol.The acid chloride can be hydrolyzed at 75 – 85°C with water to form the free acid and hydrolyzed with ammonium hydroxide or concentrated sodium carbonate solution to form the salts.

Использование

Trichloroacetyl chloride can be used for the manufacture of the esters and the anhydrides of trichloroacetic acid.It was used in the preparation of dihydro-1H-benzindoles. It was also used in the synthesis of 3-alkylbenzoxazolones.

Подготовка

The acetyl chloride is prepared from trichloroacetic acid and various inorganic acid chlorides (e.g., SOCl2, PCl3) or with P2O5 and HCl. More useful methods are the oxidation of tetrachloroethylene with fuming sulfuric acid, oxygen, or fuming nitric acid and sulfuric acid at 18-20°C, or from the reaction of pentachloroethane and dry oxygen under UV light. It has been obtained in 37 % yield from carbon tetrachloride and carbon monoxide in the presence of aluminum chloride at 200°C and high pressure.The most common production method is the gas-phase, photochemical oxidation of tetrachloroethylene with oxygen. The reaction is initiated with UV light, with radioactive irradiation, or it is sensitized with chlorine or iodine.

Общее описание

A colorless volatile liquid with a strong odor. Denser than water. Contact severely irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes. May be very toxic by ingestion and inhalation. May be combustible.

Профиль реактивности

Trichloroacetyl chloride is incompatible with water, with strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, bases (including amines). May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].

Угроза здоровью

Highly toxic by ingestion and inhalation; strong irritant to skin and tissues.

Пожароопасность

Material may burn but does not ignite readily. Poisonous if inhaled or swallowed; skin contact poisonous. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes.

Возможный контакт

Used in chemical syntheses.

Перевозки

UN2442 Trichloroacetyl chloride, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, 6.1-Poisonous materials.

Несовместимости

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, ethers and metal salts. Violent reaction with water, forming hydrochloric acid and trichloroacetic acid.

Утилизация отходов

Do not discharge into drains or sewers. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Controlled incineration (oxides of nitrogen are removed from the effluent gas by scrubbers and/or thermal devices) Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office.