Cefadroxil

Описание

Cefadroxil has an amoxicillin-like side chain at C-7 and is orally active. There are some indications that cefadroxil has some immunostimulant properties mediated through T-cell activation and that this is of material assistance to patients in fighting infections. The prolonged biological half-life of cefadroxil allows once-a-day dosage.

Химические свойства

White Crystalline Solid. Soluble in chloroform, miscible with ethanol and ether, insoluble in water, and will change color when exposed to light or for a long time.

Использование

Cefadroxil Monohydrate is a semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibacterial. It has been used for various community-acquired infections for which oral cephalosporins are appropriate.

Определение

ChEBI: The hydrate that is the monohydrate of the cephalosporin cefadroxil.

Антимикробная активность

Resembles closely that of cefalexin

Общее описание

Cefadroxil is a semisynthetic first-generation β-lactam cephalosporin antibiotic derived from cefalexin with antibacterial activity. It is used to treat urinary tract infections, skin and skin structure infections, pharyngitis, and tonsillitis caused by susceptible bacteria.

прикладной

Cefadroxil was found by Bristol-Myers Co. in 1976. A hydroxyl group was attached to the benzene ring of cephalexin. Like amoxicillin and ampicillin, cefadroxil shows almost the same antibacterial activity spectrum as cephalexin and superior oral absorption. Its in vivo activity is four to six times greater than that of cephalexin, and its half-life in serum is twice as long.

Фармакокине?тика

Oral absorption: >90%
C_{max 250 mg oral: c. 9 mg/L after 1.2 h
500 mg oral: c. 18 mg/L after 1.2 h
Plasma half-life: 1–1.5 h
Plasma protein binding : 20%
Absorption is little affected by administration with food. Distribution is similar to that of cefalexin. It is eliminated unchanged by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion; 90% of the dose appears in the urine over 24 h, most in the first 6 h, producing concentrations exceeding 500 mg/L.}

Фармаколо?гия

Cefadroxil has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial action; it is active with respect to Grampositive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Like all of the other drugs described above, it acts as a bactericide by disrupting the process of restoring the membranes of bacteria. Synonyms of this drug are bidocef, cefadril, duracef, ultracef, and others.

Клиническое использование

Cefadroxil (Duricef) is an orally active semisyntheticderivative of 7-ADCA, in which the 7-acyl group is the Dhydroxylphenylglycylmoiety. This compound is absorbedwell after oral administration to give plasma levels that reach75% to 80% of those of an equal dose of its close structuralanalog cephalexin. The main advantage claimed for cefadroxilis its somewhat prolonged duration of action, whichpermits once-a-day dosing. The prolonged duration of actionof this compound is related to relatively slow urinary excretionof the drug compared with other cephalosporins, butthe basis for this remains to be explained completely. Theantibacterial spectrum of action and therapeutic indications ofcefadroxil are very similar to those of cephalexin and cephradine.The D-p-hydroxyphenylglycyl isomer is much moreactive than the L-isomer.

Побочные эффекты

Side effects described are those common to oral cephalosporins.