2'-Deoxyadenosine monohydrate is an adenosine nucleotide, which can be synthesized by the enzyme adenosine kinase. 2'-Deoxyadenosine monohydrate is a competitive inhibitor of phosphodiesterase, which breaks down cyclic nucleotides to their corresponding monophosphate form. This leads to elevated levels of cAMP, which can cause neuronal death by apoptosis.
2'-Deoxyadenosineise is used by some cells as an energy source under energy stress conditions and to affect cAMP levels. 2'-dAdo is used in comparison studies of the functions of adenosine analogues on various biological processes.
2′-Deoxyadenosine monohydrate has been used:
- as a component for nucleoside supplementation
- as a standard for to estimate DNA global methylation rate in proliferating oil palm embryogenic suspensions
- to reverse sterile alpha motif (SAM) and histidine-aspartate (HD) domain-containing protein (SAMHD1)
- inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and hepatitis B virus (HBV)
2'-Deoxyadenosine monohydrate is used in the synthesis of 5'-modified 2'-deoxyadenosine analogues as anti-hepatitis C virus agents.
Excess 2′-deoxyadenosine gets converted to adenosine triphosphate (dATP), which inhibits ribonucleotide reductase.
Purify it by recrystallisation from H2O (hydrated crystals; solubility of the monohydrate is 1.1% in H2O at 20o). It has max 258nm (pH 1), 260nm (pH 7) and 261nm (pH 13). [Ness & Fletcher J Am Chem Soc 81 4752 1959, Walker & Butler Can J Chem 34 1168 1956.] The 3',5'-O-diacetyl derivative has m 151-152o (from EtOAc/pet ether). [Beilstein 26 III/IV 3589.]
