Semapimod

Semapimod, an inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokine production, can inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Semapimod inhibits TLR4 signaling (IC50≈0.3 μM). Semapimod inhibits p38 MAPK and nitric oxide production in macrophages. Semapimod has potential in a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders[1][2][3].

CD40; IL-1β; IL-6; p38 MAPK

[1] Nishimatsu H, et al. Blockade of endogenous proinflammatory cytokines ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in obese Zucker rats. Hypertens Res. 2008;31(4):737‐743. DOI:10.1291/hypres.31.737
[2] Wehner S, Set al. Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway as prophylaxis of postoperative ileus in mice. Gastroenterology. 2009;136(2):619‐629. DOI:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.10.017
[3] Wang J, et al. Experimental Anti-Inflammatory Drug Semapimod Inhibits TLR Signaling by Targeting the TLR Chaperone gp96. J Immunol. 2016;196(12):5130‐5137. DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.1502135
[4] Miller IS, et al. Semapimod sensitizes glioblastoma tumors to ionizing radiation by targeting microglia. PLoS One. 2014 May 9;9(5):e95885. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0095885