ミソプロストール

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Danger

• 危険有害性情報

  H301：飲み込むと有毒

  H360：生殖能または胎児への悪影響のおそれ

• 注意書き

  P201：使用前に取扱説明書を入手すること。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P308+P313：暴露または暴露の懸念がある場合：医師の診断/手当てを 受けること。

ミソプロストール 価格

MSDS Information

• (11alpha,13E)-(+)-11alpha,16-Dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13E-en-1-oic acid methyl ester

ミソプロストール 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 用途

  胃粘液や重炭酸イオンの分泌を促進するほか、壁細胞に直接作用してヒスタミンやガストリン刺激による胃酸分泌を抑制する。腸管の蠕動運動を促進させ、小腸からの水?Naの吸収を阻害し、下痢を起こす。子宮平滑筋に作用し、子宮収縮作用を持つ。

• 効能

  消化性潰瘍薬, プロスタグランジンE受容体作動薬

• 商品名

  サイトテック (ファイザー)

• 説明

  Misoprostol is an orally-active PGEl analog useful in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. As with other agents of this type, misoprostol may prove useful as a gastric cytoprotective when administered concurrently with irritating drugs such as nonsteroidal antiinflammatories.

• 化学的特性

  Misoprostol is a yellow, viscous liquid with a musty odour. Miscible with ethanol, ether or chloroform, extremely insoluble in water or n-hexane. Very unstable at room temperature and undergoes thermal epimerization to the 8-isomer. It is also extremely sensitive to the Ph value. It removes the hydroxyl group at the 11α position in acidity and alkalinity, converts it into A-type prostaglandins, and isomerizes into B-type prostaglandins. However, it is relatively stable in the dispersion system of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and can be stored at room temperature.

• 来歴

  Misoprostol was discovered by Searle in 1973, it has undergone extensive clinical evaluation for peptic ulcer dis-ease and related conditions. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analog approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for preventing and treating gastric ulcers induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Misoprostol has 4 primary effects, which include cytoprotection of the gastrointestinal mucosa, uterotonic properties, and the adverse effects of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea. Although not FDA-approved, misoprostol is indicated for the short-term treatment of active duodenal or gastric ulcers caused by factors other than NSAIDs.

• 使用

  Misoprostol is a cytoprotective prostaglandin PGE1 analogue that inhibits gastric acid secretion. It has many medical uses, including nine obstetric indications. The drug was originally produced by Pfizer for the treatment of gastric ulcers. Misoprostol is commonly used to prevent NSAID-induced gastric ulcers in patients at high risk of complications from a gastric ulcer, such as elderly patients and patients with a history of ulcer. It has also been used in treating duodenal ulcers unresponsive to histamine H2-antagonists; the drug does not prevent duodenal ulcers,however, in patients taking NSAIDS. Misoprostol can cause miscarriage, often associated with potentially dangerous bleeding.

• 適応症

  Misoprostol (Cytotec), which is an analogue of prostaglandin E1, has been approved for use in the prevention of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug–induced ulceration. It also is approved in other countries for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease.

• 製造方法

  synthesis of Misoprostol
  To a 1000 ml dried flask under a nitrogen atmosphere was added 74.6 g of(E)-trimethyl-[[1-methyl-1-[3-(tributylstannyl)-2-propenyl]pentyl]oxy]silane,125 ml anhydrous THF and 24.2 g of copper (I) iodide. The mixture wasstirred at room temperature for 30 minutes and then it was cooled to -25 to -30°C. 98.8 ml of methyllithium (2.86 M) in DEM was added dropwise and theresultant solution was stirred at -15°C for 2 hours. Then the reaction mixturewas cooled to -78°C and 25 g of methyl-5-oxo-3-[(triethylsilyl)oxy]-1-cyclopentene-1-heptanoate in 100 ml of THF was added rapidly. After stirringthe mixture for 5 min at -78°C, it was quenched into a mixture of 750 ml ofaqueous ammonium chloride solution and 200 ml of ammonium hydroxide.The resulting mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred until adeep blue aqueous layer was obtained. Ethyl acetate (250 ml) was used forextraction. Then the combined organic layers were washed with brine andsubsequently dried over magnesium sulfate. After a filtration andconcentration under reduced pressure, an oil (105 g) was obtained. This oilcontaining the protected prostaglandin was subjected to acidic deprotection(cat. PPTS, acetone and water) and purification (chromatography on silica gel)to provide 15.8 g (60%) of misoprostol was identical.

• 生物活性

  Cytoprotective prostaglandin E 1 analog that displays agonist activity at EP receptors. K i values are 120, 250, 67 and 67 nM at cloned mouse EP 1 , EP 2 , EP 3 and EP 4 receptors respectively. Prevents NSAID-induced gastric ulceration.

• 薬理学

  Misoprostol is absorbed rapidly after oral administration and is hydrolyzed to the active compound. It is metabolized by the liver and excreted mainly in the urine. Adverse effects include crampy abdominal pain, dose-related diarrhea, and uterine contractions. The last-named effect has led to its use in the control of postpartum bleeding.

• Mode of action

  Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue which has ulcer healing, gastric acid antisecretory and mucosal protective properties. The antisecretory activity is mediated by direct action on specific prostaglandin receptors on the surface of gastric parietal cells. In dogs with innervated Pavlov pouches, inhibition of secretion is achieved at a lower dosage by intrapouch injection than by intravenous or intragastric administration, suggesting that the local effect may predominate. The mucosal protective effect against various damaging agents has been demonstrated in humans with doses that inhibit and doses which minimally affect acid secretion.

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