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Lomustine

CAS No.13010-47-4
Chemical Name:Lomustine
CBNumber:CB5123021
Molecular Formula:C9H16ClN3O2
Formula Weight:233.7
MOL File:13010-47-4.mol

Lomustine Property

Melting point 88-90
Boiling point 63.6°C (rough estimate)
Density 1.3840 (rough estimate)
refractive index 1.5790 (estimate)
storage temp. 2-8°C
solubility Practically insoluble in water, freely soluble in acetone and in methylene chloride, soluble in ethanol (96 per cent).
form Solid
pka 10.88±0.20(Predicted)
color Light orange to Yellow to Green
Merck 14,5564
InChIKey GQYIWUVLTXOXAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference 13010-47-4(CAS DataBase Reference)
NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms CCNU; lomustine
FDA UNII 7BRF0Z81KG
NCI Drug Dictionary lomustine
ATC code L01AD02
IARC 2A (Vol. 26, Sup 7) 1987
EPA Substance Registry System 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (13010-47-4)
UNSPSC Code 41116107
NACRES NA.25

Safety

Hazard Codes :T
Risk Statements :45-25
Safety Statements :53-45
RIDADR :3249
WGK Germany :3
RTECS :YS4900000
HazardClass :6.1(a)
PackingGroup :II
HS Code :29299090
Hazardous Substances Data :13010-47-4(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity :LD50 in male mice (mg/kg): 51 orally; 56 i.p.; 61 s.c. (Thompson, Larson)

NFPA 704:

	0
2		0

Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)

Symbol(GHS)
Signal wordDanger
Hazard statements H301-H350
Precautionary statements P201-P280-P301+P330+P331+P310-P308+P313

Lomustine Price More Price(4)

Brand: Sigma-Aldrich(India)
Product number: PHR3029
Product name : Lomustine
Purity: pharmaceutical secondary standard, certified reference material
Packaging: 500MG
Price: ₹19614.9
Updated: 2022/06/14
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Brand: Sigma-Aldrich(India)
Product number: L5918
Product name : Lomustine
Purity: ≥98%
Packaging: 100MG
Price: ₹9028.05
Updated: 2022/06/14
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Brand: TCI Chemicals (India)
Product number: L0251
Product name : Lomustine
Purity:
Packaging: 50MG
Price: ₹3700
Updated: 2022/05/26
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Brand: TCI Chemicals (India)
Product number: L0251
Product name : Lomustine
Purity:
Packaging: 200MG
Price: ₹6700
Updated: 2022/05/26
Buy: Buy

Lomustine Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

Description Lomustine is a pale yellow powder. Molecularweight = 233.73; Freezing/Melting point = 90℃. Insolublein water.
Chemical Properties Lomustine is a pale yellow powder.
Uses Chloroethylnitrosourea derivative with antitumor activity. Similar to carmustine, chlorozotocin, nimustine, ranimustine. Antineoplastic.
Uses Lomustine USP is used to treat Malignant brain tumors; Hodgkin’s disease.
Uses CCNU is an oral anticancer drug that was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1976 for marketing, as lomustine (FDA 2009a). CCNU is used alone or in combination with other antineoplastic agents, including procarbazine and vincristine, etoposide and prednimustine, and other combinations (IARC 1981, HSDB 2009). It is used primarily in the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease and brain tumors, but it has also been used to treat other cancer, includ-ing lung cancer, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, malignant melanoma, breast cancer, kidney cancer, and cancer of the gastrointestinal tract (MedlinePlus 2009). It has also been applied to the skin to treat mycosis fungoides and psoriasis.
Definition ChEBI: An N-nitrosourea that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a 2-chloroethyl group and by a nitroso group, while the other nitrogen is substituted by a cyclohexyl group. An alkylating antineoplastic agent, it is used in he treatment of brain tumours, lung cancer, malignant melanoma and other solid tumours.
brand name Ceenu (Bristol-Myers Squibb).
Synthesis Reference(s) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 18, p. 104, 1975 DOI: 10.1021/jm00235a023
Synthesis, p. 1027, 1987 DOI: 10.1055/s-1987-28160
General Description Lomustine is available in 10-, 40-, and 100-mg capsules fororal administration in the treatment of primary and metastaticbrain cancers and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. This lipophilicagent is well absorbed, widely distributed, and crosses theblood-brain barrier. Lomustine undergoes extensive hepaticmetabolism, which is mediated by CYP3A4 to give severalhydroxylated metabolites, which arise as a result of oxidationof the cyclohexyl ring. Several of these are more activethan the parent compound. Denitrosation and dechlorinationhave also been demonstrated to occur for lomustine as well.The intact drug was not found in plasma when the agent wasadministered orally. Elimination occurs primarily in theurine with an elimination half-life of 16 to 72 hours.Myelosuppression is dose limiting and presents in a mannersimilar to that seen with carmustine. Other toxicities includenausea, vomiting, anorexia, impotence, sterility, amenorrhea,and infertility. Pulmonary and renal toxicity are rarelyseen during standard-dose therapy but increase during highdosetherapy.
Biological Activity lomustine is an antineoplastic drug used in chemotherapy [1]lomustine has been revealed to inhibit the growth of tumour cell lines with ic50 values of 25μm, 8.8μm and 13μm for breast zr-75-1, astrocytoma u87mg and colorectal ls174t cell lines [2]. besides, lomustine has been found to be particularly effective in the treatment of certain neoplasms of the central nervous system, because of the high lipid solubility and permeability through the blood brain barrier. in addition, lomustine has shown the effect function in treatment of meningeal leukemia in the mouse and in children who have acute leukemia with central nervous system involvement [1].
Biochem/physiol Actions Antineoplastic agent with cellular DNA effects. Lomustine induces p53 expression in A2870 cells.
Mechanism of action Like other nitrosoureas, lomustine acts as a DNA-alkylating agent, and it also inhibits various key enzymatic reactions by carbamoylating proteins.
Safety Profile Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Poison by ingestion, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, intravenous, and possibly other routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: anorexia, nausea or vomiting, leukopenia (decrease in the white blood cell count), and thrombocytopenia (decrease in the number of blood platelets). Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Cland NOx. See also NNITROSO COMPOUNDS.
Synthesis Lomustine, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (30.2.4.3), is made by reacting ethanolamine with cyclohexylisocyanate, which forms 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3- cyclohexylurea (30.2.4.1). Upon reaction with thionyl chloride, the hydroxyl group in it is replaced with a chlorine atom, giving 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexylurea (30.2.4.2). This is nitrated in non-aqueous conditions with formic acid and sodium nitrite to give lomustine (30.2.4.3).
Potential Exposure A potential danger to those involved in the manufacture, administration or consumption of this antineoplastic (anti-cancer) agent
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments Lomustine may be useful in the adjunctive treatment of CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, and mast cell tumors in dogs and cats.
Drug interactions Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Antipsychotics: avoid concomitant use with clozapine (increased risk of agranulocytosis).
First aid If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Carcinogenicity 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
Metabolism After oral application of radioactive marked lomustine approximately 15–30% of the measured radioactivity in the plasma can be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid. Lomustine is rapidly metabolised through hepatic microsomal enzymes and the metabolites are excreted mainly via the kidneys. About half a dose is excreted as metabolites in the urine within 24 hours and about 75% is excreted within 4 days. In addition, 10% is excreted as CO2 and<5% excreted in the faeces. Lomustine cannot be detected in its active form in the urine at any time.
storage Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with thischemical you should be trained on its proper handling andstorage. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, wellventilated area. A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored incompliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.
Shipping UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. UN3249 Medicine, solid, toxic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials
Waste Disposal It is inappropriate and possibly dangerous to the environment to dispose of expired or waste drugs and pharmaceuticals by flushing them down the toilet or discarding them to the trash. Household quantities of expired or waste pharmaceuticals may be mixed with wet cat litter or coffee grounds, double-bagged in plastic, discard in trash. Larger quantities shall carefully take into consideration applicable DEA, EPA, and FDA regulations. If possible return the pharmaceutical to the manufacturer for proper disposal being careful to properly label and securely package the material. Alternatively, the waste pharmaceutical shall be labeled, securely packaged and transported by a state licensed medical waste contractor to dispose by burial in a licensed hazardous or toxic waste landfill or incinerator.
References [1] cheng cj, fujimura s, grunberger d, weinstein ib. nteraction of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (nsc 79037) with nucleic acids and proteins in vivo and in vitro. cancer res. 1972 jan;32(1):22-7.
[2] baer jc1, freeman aa, newlands es, watson aj, rafferty ja, margison gp. depletion of o6-alkylguanine-dna alkyltransferase correlates with potentiation of temozolomide and ccnu toxicity in human tumour cells.br j cancer. 1993 jun; 67(6):1299-302.