13010-47-4

A potential danger to those involved in the manufacture, administration or consumption of this antineoplastic (anti-cancer) agent

Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves

UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. UN3249 Medicine, solid, toxic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials

Lomustine is a pale yellow powder. Molecularweight = 233.73; Freezing/Melting point = 90℃. Insolublein water.

Lomustine is a pale yellow powder.

It is inappropriate and possibly dangerous to the environment to dispose of expired or waste drugs and pharmaceuticals by flushing them down the toilet or discarding them to the trash. Household quantities of expired or waste pharmaceuticals may be mixed with wet cat litter or coffee grounds, double-bagged in plastic, discard in trash. Larger quantities shall carefully take into consideration applicable DEA, EPA, and FDA regulations. If possible return the pharmaceutical to the manufacturer for proper disposal being careful to properly label and securely package the material. Alternatively, the waste pharmaceutical shall be labeled, securely packaged and transported by a state licensed medical waste contractor to dispose by burial in a licensed hazardous or toxic waste landfill or incinerator.

CCNU is an oral anticancer drug that was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1976 for marketing, as lomustine (FDA 2009a). CCNU is used alone or in combination with other antineoplastic agents, including procarbazine and vincristine, etoposide and prednimustine, and other combinations (IARC 1981, HSDB 2009). It is used primarily in the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease and brain tumors, but it has also been used to treat other cancer, includ-ing lung cancer, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, malignant melanoma, breast cancer, kidney cancer, and cancer of the gastrointestinal tract (MedlinePlus 2009). It has also been applied to the skin to treat mycosis fungoides and psoriasis.

Chloroethylnitrosourea derivative with antitumor activity. Similar to carmustine, chlorozotocin, nimustine, ranimustine. Antineoplastic.

Lomustine USP is used to treat Malignant brain tumors; Hodgkin’s disease.

ChEBI: An N-nitrosourea that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a 2-chloroethyl group and by a nitroso group, while the other nitrogen is substituted by a cyclohexyl group. An alkylating antineoplastic agent, it is used in he treatment of brain tumours, lung cancer, malignant melanoma and other solid tumours.

Ceenu (Bristol-Myers Squibb).

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 18, p. 104, 1975 DOI: 10.1021/jm00235a023
Synthesis, p. 1027, 1987 DOI: 10.1055/s-1987-28160

Lomustine is available in 10-, 40-, and 100-mg capsules fororal administration in the treatment of primary and metastaticbrain cancers and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. This lipophilicagent is well absorbed, widely distributed, and crosses theblood-brain barrier. Lomustine undergoes extensive hepaticmetabolism, which is mediated by CYP3A4 to give severalhydroxylated metabolites, which arise as a result of oxidationof the cyclohexyl ring. Several of these are more activethan the parent compound. Denitrosation and dechlorinationhave also been demonstrated to occur for lomustine as well.The intact drug was not found in plasma when the agent wasadministered orally. Elimination occurs primarily in theurine with an elimination half-life of 16 to 72 hours.Myelosuppression is dose limiting and presents in a mannersimilar to that seen with carmustine. Other toxicities includenausea, vomiting, anorexia, impotence, sterility, amenorrhea,and infertility. Pulmonary and renal toxicity are rarelyseen during standard-dose therapy but increase during highdosetherapy.

lomustine is an antineoplastic drug used in chemotherapy [1]lomustine has been revealed to inhibit the growth of tumour cell lines with ic50 values of 25μm, 8.8μm and 13μm for breast zr-75-1, astrocytoma u87mg and colorectal ls174t cell lines [2]. besides, lomustine has been found to be particularly effective in the treatment of certain neoplasms of the central nervous system, because of the high lipid solubility and permeability through the blood brain barrier. in addition, lomustine has shown the effect function in treatment of meningeal leukemia in the mouse and in children who have acute leukemia with central nervous system involvement [1].

Antineoplastic agent with cellular DNA effects. Lomustine induces p53 expression in A2870 cells.

Like other nitrosoureas, lomustine acts as a DNA-alkylating agent, and it also inhibits various key enzymatic reactions by carbamoylating proteins.

#N/A

Lomustine, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (30.2.4.3), is made by reacting ethanolamine with cyclohexylisocyanate, which forms 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3- cyclohexylurea (30.2.4.1). Upon reaction with thionyl chloride, the hydroxyl group in it is replaced with a chlorine atom, giving 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexylurea (30.2.4.2). This is nitrated in non-aqueous conditions with formic acid and sodium nitrite to give lomustine (30.2.4.3).

Lomustine may be useful in the adjunctive treatment of CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, and mast cell tumors in dogs and cats.

Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Antipsychotics: avoid concomitant use with clozapine (increased risk of agranulocytosis).

1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.

Molecular weight (daltons) 233.7 % Protein binding 60 % Excreted unchanged in urine 50 (as metabolites) Volume of distribution (L/kg) No data Half-life - normal/ESRF (hrs) 16-48 (metabolites)

Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with thischemical you should be trained on its proper handling andstorage. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, wellventilated area. A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used, or stored incompliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.

[1] cheng cj, fujimura s, grunberger d, weinstein ib. nteraction of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (nsc 79037) with nucleic acids and proteins in vivo and in vitro. cancer res. 1972 jan;32(1):22-7.
[2] baer jc1, freeman aa, newlands es, watson aj, rafferty ja, margison gp. depletion of o6-alkylguanine-dna alkyltransferase correlates with potentiation of temozolomide and ccnu toxicity in human tumour cells.br j cancer. 1993 jun; 67(6):1299-302.