Dicofol (ISO)

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Warnung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H315：Verursacht Hautreizungen.

  H317：Kann allergische Hautreaktionen verursachen.

  H410：Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen mit langfristiger Wirkung.

• Sicherheit

  P261：Einatmen von Staub vermeiden.

  P264：Nach Gebrauch gründlich waschen.

  P264：Nach Gebrauch gründlich waschen.

  P273：Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden.

  P280：Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.

  P301+P312：BEI VERSCHLUCKEN: Bei Unwohlsein GIFTINFORMATIONSZENTRUM/Arzt/... (geeignete Stelle für medizinische Notfallversorgung vom Hersteller/Lieferanten anzugeben) anrufen.

Dicofol Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• ERSCHEINUNGSBILD

  FARBLOSE KRISTALLE.

• CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN

  Zersetzung beim Verbrennen oder bei Kontakt mit Säuren, Säurerauchen oder Basen unter Bildung giftiger und ätzender Rauche mit Chlorwasserstoff.

• ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE

  TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
  MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
  

• AUFNAHMEWEGE

  Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.

• INHALATIONSGEFAHREN

  Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden, vor allem als Pulver.

• WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION

  WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
  Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Haut(technischer Grad). Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf Zentralnervensystem, Leber und Nieren.

• WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION

  Wiederholter oder andauernder Hautkontakt kann Dermatitis hervorrufen.

• LECKAGE

  Verschüttetes Material in abgedeckten Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Vollschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät.

• R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  R21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich bei Berührung mit der Haut und beim Verschlucken.
  R38:Reizt die Haut.
  R43:Sensibilisierung durch Hautkontakt möglich.
  R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
  R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
  R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
  R11:Leichtentzündlich.

• S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
  S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Behälter sind als gefährlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
  S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
  S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
  S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
  S7:Behälter dicht geschlossen halten.

• Beschreibung

  Dicofol is a white or brown waxy solid.Molecular weight=370.48; Flash point=120℃. HazardIdentification (based on NFPA-704 M Rating System):Health 2, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0. Slightly soluble inwater.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Pure dicofol is available as a white or grey powder or colourless crystal solid, while the technical dicofol is a red-brown or amber viscous liquid with an odour like fresh-cut hay. Dicofol undergoes decomposition on burning or on contact with acids, acid fumes, or bases producing toxic and corrosive fumes including hydrogen chloride.
  Dicofol is combustible and incompatible with strong oxidising agents. Dicofol is soluble in most aliphatic and aromatic solvents and most common organic solvents but practically insoluble in water and hydrolyses in basic solution.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Dicofol is a white or brown waxy solid

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Pure dicofol is available as a white or gray powder or colorless solid crystals while the technical dicofol is a red-brown or amber viscous liquid with an odor like fresh-cut hay. Dicofol undergoes decomposition on burning or on contact with acids, acid fumes or bases, producing toxic and corrosive fumes including hydrogen chloride. Dicofol is a persistent OCP used as an acaricide and miticide. It is structurally similar to DDT. Dicofol is combustible and incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. It is soluble in most aliphatic and aromatic solvents and most common organic solvents, but practically insoluble in water and hydrolyzes in basic solution. It is used on a wide variety of fruit, vegetables, ornamental and fi eld crops. Dicofol is manufactured from DDT. Dicofol is corrosive to some metals. It is used for foliar applications, mostly on cotton, apples, and citrus crops. Other crops include strawberries, mint, beans, peppers, tomatoes, pecans, walnuts, stonefruit, cucurbits, and non-residential lawns/ornamentals.

• Verwenden

  Nonsystemic acaricide to control mites in citrus fruits, grapes, cotton, pome and stone fruit.

• Verwenden

  Acaricide, organochlorine pesticide. Dicofol is a non-systemic acaricide/miticide currently registered in the US and Canada for use on a wide variety of crops.

• Definition

  ChEBI: A tertiary alcohol that is DDT in which the benzylic hydrogen has been replaced by a hydroxy group.

• Vorbereitung Methode

  Dicofol is commercially produced through a multi-step synthesis that begins with technical-grade DDT. The process involves the chlorination of DDT to form Cl-DDT, followed by hydrolysis to yield dicofol. To improve environmental safety and reduce impurities, modern methods often include recrystallisation steps using solvents like acetic acid or alkanes to isolate the active p,p′-dicofol isomer while minimising the presence of the less active o-p′ isomer and residual DDT.

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  Dicofol or kelthane is a white crystalline, wettable powder dissolved in a liquid carrier, (water). The primary hazard is the threat to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment. Since Dicofol is a liquid Dicofol can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate groundwater and nearby streams. Dicofol can cause illness by inhalation, skin absorption, and/or ingestion. Dicofol is used as a pesticide.

• Air & Water Reaktionen

  Hydrolyzed in alkaline media to dichlorobenzophenone and chloroform. Insoluble in water.

• Reaktivität anzeigen

  Dicofol is an organochlorine bridged diphenyl. Halogenated aliphatic compounds are moderately or very reactive. Reactivity generally decreases with increased degree of substitution of halogen for hydrogen atoms. Halogenated aliphatics are incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they are incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides. Dicofol hydrolyzes in alkali. Dicofol is slightly corrosive to metals. Contact with steel at elevated temperatures causes formation of toxic gases. .

• Health Hazard

  Inhalation or ingestion causes nausea, headache, weight loss, convulsions, possible kidney and liver damage. Contact with eyes causes irritation.

• Health Hazard

  Exposures to dicofol cause adverse health effects and poisoning. Occupational workers suffer harmful effects on inhalation, ingestion and through skin contact. The symptoms of poisoning include, but are not limited to, nausea, dizziness, weakness, and vomiting from ingestion or respiratory exposure, skin irritation or rash from dermal exposure. Dicofol-poisoned occupational workers show skin sensitization, conjunctivitis of the eyes, and pathomorphological changes in the liver, kidneys, and CNS. After exposures to high concentrations of dicofol, workers show nervousness, hyperactivity, headache, nausea, vomiting, unusual sensations, fatigue, convulsions, coma, respiratory failure, and death. However, published literature is limited and more data is required on occupational workers as well as the general population.

• Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung

  Insecticide, Acaricide: Not approved for use in EU countries. Severely Restricted for use in EU (containing>78% p,p'-dicofol or 1 g/kg of DDT and DDT-related compounds). Dicofol is an organochlorine miticide/pesticide used for foliar applications, mostly on cotton, apples, and citrus crops. Other crops include: strawberries, mint, beans, peppers, tomatoes, pecans, walnuts, stonefruit, cucurbits, and nonresidential lawns/ornamentals. Formulations registered for use on food/feed crops include emulsifiable concentrates, and wettable powder formulations. These formulations may be applied as concentrated or dilute sprays using aircraft, duster, groundboom, and sprayer. Dicofol is manufactured from DDT. In 1986, use of dicofol was temporarily canceled by the U.S. EPA because of concerns raised by high levels of DDT contamination. However, it was reinstated when it was shown that modern manufacturing processes can produce technical-grade dicofol which contains <0.1% DDT.

• Handelsname

  ACARIN®[C]; CALLIFOL®; CARBAX®; CEKUDIFOL®; DECOFOL®; DICOMITE®; DIFOL®; FERRIAMICIDE®; FUMITE DICOFOL®; FW 293®; HIFOL®; KELTANE®; KELTHANE®; P,P'- KELTHANE®; KELTHANETHANOL®; MILBOL®; MITIGAN®; TIKTOK®; VAPCOTHION®, dicofol

• Mechanism of action

  Non-systemic with contact action. Disrupts the nervous system of mites - a CNS toxin.

• mögliche Exposition

  A potential danger to those involved in manufacture, formulation and application of this organochlorine pesticide. Used as acaricide (miticide) in agricultural and nonagricultural applications. Similar in structure to DDT.

• Erste Hilfe

  If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.

• Environmental Fate

  Plant. The major metabolite reported on apples is 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone. On apples, dicofol concentrations decreased from 702 ppm to 436 ppm after 15 days. 4,4′Dichlorobenzophenone increased from 25.5 ppm at time of spraying to 25.5 ppm 15 days after spraying (Archer, 1974). Four days after spraying cucumbers with dicofol, residues decreased from 0.95–1.6 ppm to 0.4–1.5 ppm. No residues were detected 8 days after spraying (Nazer and Masoud, 1986). A half-life of 6 days was reported for dicofol in alfalfa (Akesson and Yates, 1964).
  Chemical/Physical. When dicofol was exposed to sunlight for 20 days, a 10% yield of 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone was obtained. Solvents containing dicofol and exposed to UV light resulted in the formation of chlorobenzilic acid esters (Vaidyanathasw

• Stoffwechselwegen

  Dicofol(1) is an analogue of DDT. However, the replacement of a hydrogen atom at position 1 by a hydroxyl group results in a fundamental change in chemical properties and increases the lability of the molecule. It breaks readily down to 4,4’-dichlorobenzophenone (2) thermally or on hydrolysis and this compound is a major metabolite in mammals and plants.

• Lager

  Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with dicofolyou should be trained on its proper handling and storage.Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilatedarea away from alkaline pesticides, strong acids, acidfumes, and steel. Where possible, automatically transfermaterial from drums or other storage containers to processcontainers. A regulated, marked area should be establishedwhere this chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance with OSHA Standard 1910.1045.

• Versand/Shipping

  UN2996 Organochlorine pesticides, liquid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials. UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o. s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.

• Degradation

  Dicofol is stable to acids but unstable in alkaline media in which it is hydrolysed to 4,4’-dichlorobenzophenone(2) and chloroform (DT₅₀ values at pH 5, 7 and 9 are 85 days, 64-99 hours and 26 minutes, respectively). The isomer, 2,2,2-trichloro-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethanol (o,p’-dicofol), is hydrolysed more rapidly.
  Dicofol is degraded by light to 4,4’-dichlorobenzophenone (2) (PM).

• Inkompatibilitäten

  Incompatible with alkaline pesticides, strong acids; acid fumes; aliphatic amines; isocyanates. Halogenated aliphatic compounds are moderately or very reactive. Halogenated organics generally become less reactive as more of their hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms. Halogenated aliphatics are incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they are incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides. Dicofol hydrolyzes in alkali. It is slightly corrosive to metals. Contact with steel at elevated temperatures causes formation of toxic gases

• Waste disposal

  In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office.

• Pestizidtyp

  Acaricide

Dicofol Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

115-32-2, Dicofol Verwandte Suche: