Butan-1-thiol

Bezeichnung:Butan-1-thiol

CAS-Nr109-79-5

Englisch Name:Butanethiol

CBNumberCB3225712

SummenformelC4H10S

Molgewicht90.19

MOL-Datei109-79-5.mol

Synonyma

Butan-1-thiol

1-Butanthiol

Butylmercaptan

Butan-1-thiol physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	−116 °C(lit.)
Siedepunkt	98 °C(lit.)
Dichte	0.842 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Dampfdichte	3.1 (vs air)
Dampfdruck	83 mm Hg ( 37.7 °C)
FEMA	3478 \| 1-BUTANETHIOL
Brechungsindex	n20/D 1.443(lit.)
Flammpunkt	55 °F
storage temp.	Store below +30°C.
Löslichkeit	Slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol and oils.
pka	11.51 at 25 °C (23.0% aqueous tert-butyl alcohol, Friedman et al., 1965)
Aggregatzustand	Liquid
Farbe	Colorless
Wichte	0.842
Geruch (Odor)	Strong skunk-like.
Explosionsgrenze	1.4-11.3%(V)
Odor Threshold	0.0000028ppm
Geruchsart	sulfurous
Wasserlöslichkeit	0.60 g/100 mL. Slightly soluble
Sensitive	Air Sensitive
Merck	14,1577
JECFA Number	511
BRN	1730908
Henry's Law Constant	(x 10^-3 atm?m³/mol): 7.04 at 20 °C (approximate - calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure)
Expositionsgrenzwerte	NIOSH REL: 15-min ceiling 0.5 ppm (1.8 mg/m³), IDLH 500 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 10 ppm (35 mg/m³); ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.5 ppm (adopted).
Dielectric constant	4.9500000000000002
Stabilität	Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, bases, alkali metals. Highly flammable. May discolour on exposure to air.
LogP	2.28
CAS Datenbank	109-79-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen	1-Butanethiol(109-79-5)
EPA chemische Informationen	Butyl mercaptan (109-79-5)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	F,Xn
R-Sätze:	11-20/22-36/37/38-21/22-43
S-Sätze:	16-23-26-36-9-36/37-33-37-37/39
RIDADR	UN 2347 3/PG 2
OEL	Ceiling: 0.5 ppm (1.8 mg/m3) [15-minute]
WGK Germany	3
RTECS-Nr.	EK6300000
F	10-13-23
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	2930 90 98
HazardClass	3
PackingGroup	II
Giftige Stoffe Daten	109-79-5(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität	LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1500 mg/kg
IDLA	500 ppm

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Butanethiol Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE BIS GELBE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft und können sich am Boden ausbreiten. Fernzündung möglich.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen unter Bildung giftiger Rauche (Schwefeloxide- s. ICSC 0074). Reagiert mit Säuren, Basenund starken Oxidationsmitteln.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 0,5 ppm (als TWA) (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 0,5 ppm 1,9 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor II(2); Schwangerschaft: Gruppe C; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20 °C kann sehr schnell eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atmungsorgane. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf die Schilddrüse. Exposition weit über den Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerten kann Auswirkungen auf das Nervensystem haben und kann Bewusstseinstrübung verursachen.
LECKAGE
Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Zündquellen entfernen. Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen! NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Chemikalienschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R20/22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen und Verschlucken.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich bei Berührung mit der Haut und beim Verschlucken.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S23:Gas/Rauch/Dampf/Aerosol nicht einatmen(geeignete Bezeichnung(en) vom Hersteller anzugeben).
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S9:Behälter an einem gut gelüfteten Ort aufbewahren.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S33:Maßnahmen gegen elektrostatische Aufladungen treffen.
Beschreibung
Butane thiol, also known as butyl mercaptan, is a volatile, clear to yellowish liquid with a fetid (extremely foul-smelling) odor, commonly described as "skunk" odor. In fact, butanethiol is structurally similar to several major constituents of a skunk's defensive spray but is not actually present in the spray. The scent of butanethiol is so strong that the human nose can easily detect it in the air at concentrations as low as 10 parts per billion. The threshold level for 1-butane thiol is reported as 1.4 ppb.
Chemische Eigenschaften
1-Butanethiol has an unpleasant (skunk) odor.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Butanethiol is chemically classified among the thiols, which are organic compounds with molecular formulas and structural formulas similar to alcohols, except that sulfur-containing sulfhydryl group (- SH) replaces the oxygen-containing hydroxyl group in the molecule. Butanethiol's basic molecular formula is C₄H₉SH, and its structural formula is similar to that of the alcohol n-butanol. Butanethiol is prepared by the free radical catalyzed addition of hydrogen sulfide to 1-butene. Commercially, this is performed using ultraviolet light. Butanethiol is a thiol of low molecular weight, and it is highly flammable.
Chemische Eigenschaften
colourless liquid
Chemische Eigenschaften
Butanethiol is also known as butyl mercaptan. It is a volatile, highly flammable clear to yellowish liquid with an extremely foul-smelling, strong, garlic-, cabbageor skunk-like Butanethiol is also known as butyl mercaptan. It is a volatile, highly flammable clear to yellowish liquid with an extremely foul-smelling, strong, garlic-, cabbageor skunk-like
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Clear, colorless liquid with a strong garlic, cabbage, or pungent skunk-like odor. Odor threshold concentrations of 0.0028 ppb_v and 3.7 μg/m³ (1.0 ppb_v) were reported by Katz and Talbert (1930) and Nagata and Takeuchi (1990), respectively.
Occurrence
Reported found in beef, cheddar cheese, raw chicken, cooked potatoes, beer and boiled eggs.
Verwenden
Intermediate, solvent.
Verwenden
Solvent; intermediate in the production of insecticides and herbicides; gas odorant
Verwenden
Butanethiol is used as an industrial solvent , and as an intermediate for cotton defoliants. It is some times placed in the "stink bombs" and "stink perfumes" for prankster.
Definition
ChEBI: Butanethiol is an alkanethiol.
Vorbereitung Methode
Butanethiol is produced from n-Butanol plus Hydrogen sulfide over catalyst.
Synthesis Reference(s)
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 72, p. 1073, 1950 DOI: 10.1021/ja01159a005
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Butanethiol is also known as butyl mercaptan. It is a volatile, clear to yellowish liquid with an extremely foul smell, with a strong, garlic-, cabbage-, or skunk-like odour. It is slightly oily in nature. Butanethiol is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of insecticides and herbicides. It is also used as a gas odorant.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Butanethiol is incompatible with acids, diazo and azo compounds, halocarbons, isocyanates, aldehydes, alkali metals, nitrides, hydrides, and other strong reducing agents. Reactions with these materials generate heat and in many cases hydrogen gas. May liberate hydrogen sulfide upon decomposition or reaction with an acid. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents [USCG, 1999].
Hazard
Toxic by inhalation. Flammable, dangerous fire risk. Upper respiratory tract irritant.
Health Hazard
Inhalation causes loss of sense of smell; muscular weakness. convulsions, and respiratory paralysis may follow prolonged exposure. Contact of liquid with eyes or skin causes slight irritation. Ingestion causes nausea.
Health Hazard
Exposures to butanethiol cause adverse health effects and poisoning. The symptoms of poisoning in exposed workers include, but are not limited to, asthenia, muscular weak ness, malaise, sweating, nausea, vomiting, headache, restlessness, increased respiration, incoordination, muscular weakness, skeletal muscle paralysis in most cases, heavy to mild cyanosis, lethargy and/or sedation, respiratory depression followed by coma. Severe cases of poisoning lead to death of the exposed worker. In laboratory studies, animals given intraperitoneal and oral exposures of butane thiol survived near-lethal single doses. However, after 20 days post-treatment, animals showed pathological changes involving liver and kidney damage. The pathomorpho logical changes in the liver included cloudy swelling, fatty degeneration, and necrosis. Pathological changes in the kidneys included cloudy swelling, and the lungs displayed capillary engorgement, patchy edema, and occasional hemorrhage
Chemische Reaktivität
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reactions; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. An eye irritant. Dangerous fire hazard by exposure to heat, flame, sparks, or powerful oxidizers. Reacts violently with HNO3. Incompatible with acids, acid fumes, oxidizing materials, heat, flame, and sparks. To fight fire, use alcohol foam. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic SOx. See also MERCAPTANS.
Sicherheit(Safety)
Butanethiol is a very noxious and caustic chemical compound, and at sufficiently high concentrations, it produces serious health effects in both humans and animals, especially as a result of prolonged exposure. Higher concentrations can lead to unconsciousness and coma after prolonged exposure. Contact with the skin and mucous membranes causes burns, and contact with the eyes can lead to blurred vision or complete blindness.
Inhalation may cause weakness, confusion, cough, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, vomiting, and shortness of breath. The substance irritates the eyes, the skin, and the respiratory tract. It may cause effects on the thyroid and the nervous system and could cause lowering of consciousness.
mögliche Exposition
Butyl mercaptan is a flammable, colorless liquid with a strong, skunk-like odor. The Odor Threshold in air is 0.00097 ppm. Molecular weight 5 90.19; Specific gravity (H2O:1) 5 0.83 @ 20C; boiling point 5 99C;freezing/melting point 5 2116C; vapor pressure 5 35 mmHg @ 20C; 75 mmHg @ 34.5C; relative vapor density (air 5 1) 5 3.1; Flash point 5 2C (cc); Autoignition temperature # 225C. Explosive limits: LEL: 1.4%; UEL: 10.2%. Hazard identification (based on NFPA-704 M Rating System): Health 1; flammability 3; reactivity 0 ?. Slightly soluble in water; solubility 5 0.06% @ 20C.
Erste Hilfe
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seekmedical attention immediately. If this chemical contactsthe skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and water. Speed in removing materialfrom skin is of extreme importance. Shampoo hairpromptly if contaminated. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove fromexposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing hasstopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transferpromptly to a medical facility. When this chemical hasbeen swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Environmental Fate
Chemical/Physical. Releases toxic sulfur oxide fumes when heated to decomposition (Sax and Lewis, 1987).
Lager
Color Code—Red: Flammability Hazard: Store ina flammable liquid storage area or approved cabinet awayfrom ignition sources and corrosive and reactive materials.Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilatedarea away from heat, oxidizers, or acids.
Versand/Shipping
UN2347 Butyl mercaptan, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3—Flammable liquid
läuterung methode
Dry the thiol with CaSO4 or Na2SO4, then reflux it over magnesium, or dry with, and distil it from CaO, under nitrogen [Roberts & Friend J Am Chem Soc 108 7204 1986.] It has been separated from hydrocarbons by extractive distillation with aniline. Dissolve it also in 20% NaOH, extract with a small amount of *C6H6, then steam distil it until clear. The solution is then cooled and acidified slightly with 15% H2SO4. The thiol is distilled out, dried with CaSO4 or CaCl2, and fractionally distilled under N2 [Mathias & Filho J Phys Chem 62 1427 1958]. It has also been purified by precipitation as the lead mercaptide from alcoholic solution, then regeneration by adding dilute HCl to the residue followed by steam distillation. All operations should be carried out in a fume cupboard due to the TOXICITY and obnoxious odour of the thiol. [Beilstein 1 IV 1555.]
Inkompatibilitäten
May form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Attacks some plastics and rubber
Waste disposal
Incineration (1093C) followed by scrubbing with a caustic solution.
Vorsichtsmaßnahmen
Butanethiol decomposes an heading and release toxic fumes. It reacts with strong acids, bases and strong oxidants. Workers during handling of butanethiol should be very careful, should avoid open flames, sparkings, and smoking. Chemical vapor/air mixtures cause explosion ha3 and workers should wear protective cloathing, safety goggles and breathing apparatus and should work in good ventillation

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