General Description
A colorless oily liquid with a penetrating odor. Reacts with water and denser than water. Contact may irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Used to make pesticides.
Reactivity Profile
TRICHLOROACETALDEHYDE(75-87-6) reacts with water to form chloral hydrate. TRICHLOROACETALDEHYDE(75-87-6) polymerizes under the influence of light and in the presence of sulfuric acid forming a white solid trimer called metachloral.
Air & Water Reactions
This compound is sensitive to exposure to moisture and light. Soluble in water. This compound reacts with water to form chloral hydrate.
Hazard
Toxic by ingestion. Probable carcinogen.
Health Hazard
INHALATION: Sore throat, shortness of breath, drowsiness, irritation of respiratory tract, unconsciousness. EYES: Redness, pain and blurred vision. SKIN: Redness and pain. INGESTION: Dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, and unconsciousness. Acute hazard: Poison may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through skin.
Potential Exposure
Chloral is used as an intermediate
in the manufacture of such pesticides as DDT, methoxychlor, DDVP, naled, trichlorfon, and TCA. Chloral is
also used in the production of chloral hydrate; used as
a therapeutic agent with hypnotic, sedative, and narcotic
effects; used in a time prior to the introduction of
barbiturates
First aid
Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency
medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not
breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim
ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration
with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve
or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance,
immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least
20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material
on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of
exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance
may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of
the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Medical observation is recommended for 24 to
48 hours after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema
may be delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor
or authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug
or other inhalation therapy.
Shipping
UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required.
Incompatibilities
Chloral hydrate reacts with strong bases
forming chloroform. Contact with acids, or exposure to
light may cause polymerization. Reacts with water, forming
chloral hydrate. Reacts with oxidizers, with a risk of fire or
explosions.
Description
Chloral is a combustible, oily liquid with a pungent irritating odor. Molecular weight=147.38; Boilingpoint=97-98℃; Flash point=75℃. Hazard Identification(based on NFPA 704 M Rating System): Health 3,Flammability 2, Reactivity 1. Soluble in water. Chloralhydrate is colorless crystals, with characteristic odor.Molecular weight=165.40; Boiling point=97℃ (decomposes); Freezing/Melting point=57-60℃. Hazard Identification (based on NFPA 704 M Rating System): Health 3,Flammability 2, Reactivity 1. Very soluble in water.
Chemical Properties
Chloral is a combustible, oily liquid with a
pungent irritating odor.
Chemical Properties
colourless oily liquid with a pungent odour
Waste Disposal
Incineration after mixing with
another combustible fuel; care must be taken to assure complete combustion to prevent phosgene formation; an acid
scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced.
Uses
Chloral is used in medicine as a hypnotic.
Uses
manufacture of chloral hydrate, DDT.
Definition
A colorless liquid aldehyde made by chlorinating
ethanal. It was used to make the insecticide
DDT. It can be hydrolyzed to give 2,2,2-
trichloroethanediol (chloral hydrate,
CCl3CH(OH)2). Most compounds with
two –OH groups on the same carbon atom
are unstable. However, in this case the effect of the three chlorine atoms stabilizes
the compound. It is used as a sedative.
Production Methods
Chloral can be prepared by action of Cl2 on ethanol, chlorination of acetaldehyde, oxidation of 1,1,2-trichloroethylene in the presence of a catalyst (FeCl3, AlCl3, TiCl4 or SbCl3, and by reaction of CCl4 with formaldehyde.
storage
Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with chloralyou should be trained on its proper handling and storage.Protect from light, moisture, air, and acids. DEA regulationsrequire storage in a locked storage area. Store in tightlyclosed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area. Metal containers involving the transfer of this chemical should begrounded and bonded. Drums must be equipped with selfclosing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters.Use only nonsparking tools and equipment, especially whenopening and closing containers of this chemical. Sources ofignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibitedwhere this chemical is used, handled, or stored in a mannerthat could create a potential fire or explosion hazard.
Purification Methods
Distil chloral, then dry it by distilling through a heated column of CaSO4. [Beilstein 1 H 616, 1 I 328, 1 II 467, 1 III 2663, 1 IV 3142 for anhydr, 1 IV 3143 for hydrate.]
