Chemical Properties
The pure product is a white odorless and tasteless crystalline solid. m.p.210～212.5°C (decomposition at 217°C), vapor pressure 4×10-9Pa) (25°C). Solubility at 25°C: dimethyl sulfoxide>500g/L, dimethylformamide>500g/L, cyclohexanone 21.5g/L, acetone 8g/L, methanol 4.5g/L, ethyl acetate 0.8 g/L, hexane 6mg/L, insoluble in aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, solubility in water 31mg/L. The partition coefficient is 59 (pH=7.3). Stable below 200°C; stable to water at room temperature, half-life > 24d; half-life in soil < 60d.
Uses
Cotton defoliant; plant growth regulator in tissue culture.
Uses
Plant growth regulator used to defoliate cotton to facilitate harvesting.
Uses
Thidiazuron is a non-purine containing urea derivative with cytokinin activity.
Thidiazuron is used as a cotton defoliant and a plant growth regulator in tissue culture.
Definition
ChEBI: Thidiazuron is a member of ureas.
Production Methods
Thidiazuron is produced commercially through a multi-step synthesis that constructs its phenylurea-based structure. The process begins with the reaction of 1,2,3-benzotriazole with dimethylurea under controlled conditions to form N-phenyl-N′-1,2,3-benzotriazolylurea, the active thidiazuron compound. This synthesis requires precise temperature and pH control to ensure high purity and yield.
General Description
Thidiazuron is a systemic herbicide, widely employed as an effective plant growth regulator and pre-harvest defoliant for crops such as cotton.
Agricultural Uses
Herbicide, Defoliant, Plant growth regulator: Used primarily as a cotton defoliant in order to increase
the harvest yield. Not applied to food crops. Not approved
for use in EU countries. Registered for use in the U.S.
U.S. Maximum Allowable Residue Levels for Thidiazuron
and its aniline-containing metabolites in or on the following
food commodities: [40 CFR 180.403(a)]: cattle,
fat 0.4 ppm; cattle, meat 0.4 ppm; cattle, meat byproducts
0.4 ppm; cotton, gin byproducts 24.0 ppm; cotton,
undelinted seed 0.3 ppm; goat, fat 0.4 ppm; goat meat
0.4 ppm; goat, meat byproducts 0.4 ppm; hog, fat 0.4 ppm;
hog, meat 0.4 ppm; hog, meat byproducts 0.4 ppm; horse,
fat 0.4 ppm; horse, meat 0.4 ppm; horse, meat byproducts
0.4 ppm; milk 0.05 ppm; sheep, fat 0.4 ppm; sheep, meat
0.4 ppm; sheep, meat byproducts 0.4 ppm.
Agricultural Uses
Thidiazuron is substituted urea that is used to defoliate
cotton plants. Thidiazuron, which has cytokinin activity,
is one of the many harvesting aids needed in agriculture.
Trade name
DAZE®; DEFOLIT®; DROPP®;
GINSTAR EC® (thidiazuron + diuron); LEAFLESS®
Tthidiazuron; SN 49537®
Biological Activity
Thidiazuron (TDZ) is a plant growth regulator and a synthetic diphenylurea cytokinin used in micropropagations to supplement media such as Murashige and Skoog medium. TDZ promotes plant organogenesis (shoot regeneration) and plant regeneration. Thidiazuron (TDZ) enables the production of virus-free stock plantsspeeds up breedingand provides new genotypes for the market. It is also used as a phenylurea herbicide for controlling weeds in agricultural and nonagricultural practices. Thidiazuron acts as a pesticide by inhibiting photosystem II.
Mechanism of action
Absorbed by leaves. A cytokine-active growth regulator. Inhibits the transmission of auxin and acts on plant cells that promote plant growth.
Environmental Fate
Soil. The reported half-life in soil is approximately 26–144 days (Hartley and Kidd,
1987).
Photolytic. Rapidly converted to the photoisomer, 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-
yl)urea (Worthing and Hance, 1991). When thidiazuron adsorbed by soil was exposed to
UV light (λ <290 nm), 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl)urea formed as the majo
Pesticide Type
Plant Growth Regulator; Herbicide
