ChemicalBook CAS DataBase List 116-71-2

116-71-2

Name	DIBENZANTHRONE
CAS	116-71-2
EINECS(EC#)	204-152-0
Molecular Formula	C34H16O2
MDL Number	MFCD00046330
Molecular Weight	456.49
MOL File	116-71-2.mol

Synonyms

DIBENZANTHRONE VAT BLUE 20 VIOLANTHRONE 5,10-Violanthrenedione Ahcovat Dark Blue BO ahcovatdarkbluebo Amanthrene Dark Blue BO Amanthrene Supra Dark Blue BO amanthrenedarkbluebo amanthrenesupradarkbluebo anthra(9,1,2-cde)benzo(rst)pentaphene-5,10-dione Anthra[9,1,2-cde]benzo[rst]pentaphene-5,10-dione Anthra[9.1.2-cde]benzo[rst]pentaphen-dichinon-(5.10.16.17) Anthravat Dark Blue BO anthravatdarkbluebo Belanthrene Dark Blue BO belanthrenedarkbluebo Benzadone Dark Blue BOA Benzadone Dark Blue BOR Benzadone Dark Blue BORI

Chemical Properties

Melting point	338-339 °C
Boiling point	522.64°C (rough estimate)
density	1.1055 (rough estimate)
refractive index	1.4875 (estimate)
storage temp.	Sealed in dry,Room Temperature
Appearance	Brown to black Solid
CAS DataBase Reference	116-71-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference	Dibenzanthrone(116-71-2)
EPA Substance Registry System	116-71-2(EPA Substance)

Safety Data

TSCA	TSCA listed
REACH Registrations	Active

Raw materials And Preparation Products

Hazard Information

General Description

Bluish-black to black powder.

Air & Water Reactions

Insoluble in water.

Fire Hazard

Flash point data for this chemical are not available. VAT BLUE 20 is probably combustible.

Description

Violanthrone, Indanthren Dark Blue BOA,is generated by potash fusion of benzanthrone , . Direct potash fusion leads to side products, such as isoviolanthrone and 4-hydroxybenzanthrone. The crude product may be used directly or in mixtures with other dyes in vat dyeing. It is also used to generate violanthrone derivatives. Several processes have been developed to decrease the amounts of undesirable side products of the direct potash fusion of benzanthrone or to purify the bibenzanthronyl or the crude violanthrone . Especially effective is the addition of high-boiling solvents such as naphthalene, the so-called low carbazole anthracene residues, or sodium acetate to the melt. The quality of the products prepared by these methods is satisfactory for the production of almost all violanthrone dyes.

Uses

DIBENZANTHRONE is mainly used for dyeing and printing cotton fibers and fabrics. It has good affinity, fast color uptake, and moderate leveling properties. It is rarely used alone for printing, but more often for color matching. It can also be used for dyeing silk, viscose fiber, viscose cotton, and vinylon, as well as for hot-melt dyeing of polyester-cotton blended fabrics with disperse dyes in the same bath. It is also used to prepare organic pigments.

Flammability and Explosibility

Notclassified

Synthesis

Violanthrone of high purity is obtained from 4,4'-bibenzanthronyl (153) by alkaline or acid ring closure, preferably in the presence of oxidizing agents , . If this ring closure is carried out in sulfuric acid with an excess of manganese dioxide, the 16,17- violanthronequinone (155) is obtained. This can be reduced readily with sodium hydrogen sulfite to 16,17-dihydroxyviolanthrone (156). Subsequent alkylation of the hydroxy groups yields very fast navy-blue to brilliant-green vat dyes. The dimethyl ether (157) is the well-known dye Caledon Jade Green or Indanthren Brilliant Green B and FFB (extremely pure form).
Synthesis_116-71-2

Properties and Applications

TEST ITEMS	SPECIFICATION
APPEARANCE	BLUE POWDER
SHADE	REDDISH
HEAT RESISTANCE	300 °C min
LIGHT FASTNESS	8
ACID RESISTANCE	5
ALKALI RESISTANCE	5
FASTNESS TO BLEEDING	5
OIL ABSORPTION	40-50%
SPECIFIC SURFACE	27 m ² /g
DENSITY	1.60 g/cm ³
RESIDUE ON 80 MESH	5.0% max
WATER SOLUBLE	1.0% max
VOLATITE 105 °C	1.0% max
TINTING STRENGTH	100-105 %

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