Бензетония хлорид

Безопасность

Benzethonium chloride is readily absorbed and is generally regarded as a toxic substance when administered orally. Ingestion may cause vomiting, collapse, convulsions, and coma. The probable lethal human oral dose is estimated to be 50–500 mg/kg bodyweight.
The topical use of solutions containing greater than 5% w/v benzethonium chloride can cause irritation although benzethonium chloride is not regarded as a sensitizer. The use of 0.5% w/v benzethonium chloride in cosmetics is associated with few adverse effects. A maximum concentration of 0.02% w/v benzethonium chloride is recommended for use in cosmetics used in the eye area and this is also the maximum concentration generally used in pharmaceutical formulations such as injections and ophthalmic preparations.
See also Benzalkonium Chloride.
LD₅₀ (mouse, IP): 15.5 mg/kg
LD₅₀ (mouse, IV): 30 mg/kg
LD₅₀ (mouse, oral): 338 mg/kg
LD₅₀ (rat, IP): 16.5 mg/kg
LD₅₀ (rat, IV): 19 mg/kg
LD₅₀ (rat, oral): 368 mg/kg
LD₅₀ (rat, SC): 119 mg/kg

хранилище

Benzethonium chloride is stable. Aqueous solutions may be sterilized by autoclaving.
The bulk material should be stored in an airtight container protected from light, in a cool, dry place.

Методы очистки

Crystallise it from boiling acetone after filtering or from CHCl3/pet ether. The precipitate is filtered off, washed with diethyl ether and dried for 24hours in a vacuum desiccator. It is a cationic antiseptic surfactant which forms crystals also from a 1:9 MeOH/Et2O mixture. It foams in water. [Beilstein 12 IV 2187.]

Несовместимости

Benzethonium chloride is incompatible with soaps and other anionic surfactants and may be precipitated from solutions greater than 2% w/v concentration by the addition of mineral acids and some salt solutions.

Регуляторный статус

Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IM and IV injections; nasal, ophthalmic and otic preparations). Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.