Кальций пропионат

Описание

Calcium propanoate or calcium propionate has the formula Ca(C2H5COO)2. It is the calcium salt of propanoic acid. It is a preservative commonly used in baked goods around the world, where it extends their shelf life by inhibiting the growth of spoilage microorganisms, namely mold and ropy bacteria.

Химические свойства

Calcium propionate is a white powder(s) or monoclinic crystal(s), crystallizes as the monohydrate in monoclinic plates and as the trihydrate. The anhydrous salt dissolves up to 41.7 wt % in water and is insoluble in ethanol. The aqueous solutions can cause inflammation. It is used to mold-retardant additive for bread, tobacco, pharmaceuticals, antifungal agent.[HAW93]

Использование

Calcium Propionate is the salt of propionic acid which functions as a preservative. It is the most widely used antimycotic in breadmaking. it is effective against mold, has limited activity against bacteria, and no activity against yeast. it is soluble in water with a solubility of 49 g/100 ml of water at 0°c and insoluble in alcohol. it is less soluble than sodium propionate. its optimum effectiveness is up to ph 5.0 and it has reduced action above ph 6.0. It is often utilized at about 0.2%, flour basis; higher concentrations lead to flavor problems and begin to inhibit yeast fermentation. it is used in bakery products, breads, and pizza crust to protect against mold and “rope.” it is also used in cold-pack cheese food and pie fillings. typical usage level is 0.2–0.3% and 0.1–0.4% based on flour weight.

прикладной

As a food additive, it is listed as E number 282 in the Codex Alimentarius. Calcium propanoate is used as a preservative in a wide variety of products, including but not limited to bread, other baked goods, processed meat, whey, and other dairy products. In agriculture, it is used, amongst other things, to prevent milk fever in cows and as a feed supplement Propanoates prevent microbes from producing the energy they need, like benzoates do. However, unlike benzoates, propanoates do not require an acidic environment.
Calcium propanoate is used in bakery products as a mold inhibitor, typically at 0.1- 0.4 % (though animal feed may contain up to 1 % ) .
When propanoic acid is infused directly into rodents' brains, it produces reversible behavior changes (e.g. hyperactivity, dystonia, social impairment, perseveration ) and brain changes (e.g. innate neuroinflammation, glutathione depletion) that may be used as a model of human autism in rats.
According to the Pesticide Action Network North America, calcium propionate is slightly toxic . This rating is not uncommon for food products; vitamin C is also rated by the same standards as being slightly toxic . Calcium propanoate can be used as a fungicide on fruit.

Подготовка

The industrial production of Calcium propionate and sodium propionate is carried out by the neutralization of propionic acid with the corresponding hydroxides and subsequent spraydrying of the concentrated aqueous solutions.

Общее описание

Calcium propionate is generally used as a food preservative in bread. It has also been reported to reduce milk fever in dairy cows. Calcium propionate is the most effective below pH 5.5. Below this pH, the active component, propionic acid, is undissociated and becomes active. The dough pH needs to be below 5.5 and well controlled to effectively control mold.

Профиль безопасности

Moderately toxic by ingestion. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Безопасность

Calcium propionate is affirmed as GRAS for use as an antimicrobial under 21 C.F.R.184.122 1 with no limitation on the level of use other than current good manufacturing practice (gmp). There is no obvious self-limit on the level of use. In commercial practice the amount of calcium propionate used will be limited by cost and the possibility of imparting off-tastes or textures to food when gmp concentrations are exceeded.
Though Calcium Propionate E282 is regarded as safe supplement, there maybe some side effects: damage your stomach lining by exacerbating gastritis and inducing severe ulcers and cause irritability, restlessness, inattention and sleep disturbance.

Методы очистки

Crystallise this antifungal salt from water (2mL/g) by partial evaporation in a desiccator. [Beilstein 2 H 238, 2 II 218, 2 III 516.]