1,3-пропандиол
- английское имя1,3-Propanediol
- CAS №504-63-2
- CBNumberCB5853689
- ФормулаC3H8O2
- мольный вес76.09
- EINECS207-997-3
- номер MDLMFCD00002949
- файл Mol504-63-2.mol
химическое свойство
| Температура плавления | -27 °C (lit.) |
| Температура кипения | 214 °C/760 mmHg (lit.) |
| плотность | 1.053 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| давление пара | 0.8 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| показатель преломления | n |
| FEMA | 4753 | 1,3-PROPANEDIOL |
| Fp | >230 °F |
| температура хранения | Store below +30°C. |
| растворимость | H2O: soluble |
| пка | 14.46±0.10(Predicted) |
| форма | Oily Liquid |
| цвет | Clear |
| РН | 4.5-7.0 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Пределы взрываемости | 2.5%(V) |
| Относительная плотность газов（воздух=1） | 1,053 g/mL |
| Вязкость | 44.923mm2/s |
| Растворимость в воде | 100 g/L |
| Мерк | 14,9714 |
| БРН | 969155 |
| Диэлектрическая постоянная | 35.0（20℃） |
| ИнЧИКей | YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| LogP | -0.71 at 20℃ |
| Справочник по базе данных CAS | 504-63-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| FDA UNII | 5965N8W85T |
| Справочник по химии NIST | 1,3-Propanediol(504-63-2) |
| Система регистрации веществ EPA | 1,3-Propanediol (504-63-2) |
больше
| Коды опасности | Xi | |||||||||
| Заявления о рисках | 38 | |||||||||
| Заявления о безопасности | 23-24/25 | |||||||||
| WGK Германия | 1 | |||||||||
| RTECS | TY2010000 | |||||||||
| Температура самовоспламенения | 405 °C | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| кода HS | 29053980 | |||||||||
| Банк данных об опасных веществах | 504-63-2(Hazardous Substances Data) | |||||||||
| Токсичность | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 15670 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 20000 mg/kg | |||||||||
| NFPA 704: |
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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сигнальный язык
предупреждение
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вредная бумага
H315：При попадании на кожу вызывает раздражение.
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оператор предупредительных мер
P210：Беречь от тепла, горячих поверхностей, искр, открытого огня и других источников воспламенения. Не курить.
P264：После работы тщательно вымыть кожу.
P280：Использовать перчатки/ средства защиты глаз/ лица.
P302+P352：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ НА КОЖУ: Промыть большим количеством воды.
P332+P313：При возникновении раздражения кожи: обратиться за медицинской помощью.
P362+P364：Снять всю загрязненную одежду и выстирать ее перед повторным использованием.
P370+P378：При пожаре тушить сухим песком, сухим химическим порошком или спиртостойкой пеной.
P403+P235：Хранить в прохладном, хорошо вентилируемом месте.
P501：Удалить содержимое/ контейнер на утвержденных станциях утилизации отходов.
1,3-пропандиол химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
1,3-Propanediol, an isomer of propylene glycol, is a viscous, colorless, odorless, hygroscopic liquid that has a brackish irritating taste. miscible with various solvents such as water, ethanol, acetone, chloroform (chloroform) and ether, and is insoluble in benzene. Combustible.Использование
As a diol, 1,3-propanediol is subject to many of the same polymeric applications as other low molecular mass diols (e.g., ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and 1,4-butanediol). However, its relatively high price limits its use to applications requiring very specific performance characteristics. It is a raw-material source for 1,3-dioxanes. 1,3-Propanediol-bis(4-aminobenzoate) can be used as a chain extender in polyurethane elastomers. This bisbenzoate, which can also be synthesized from 1,3-dichloro-propane, finds other applications as a cross-linking agent in epoxy formulations and as a rubber additive.Определение
ChEBI: Propane-1,3-diol is the simplest member of the class of propane-1,3-diols, consisting of propane in which one hydrogen from each methyl group is substituted by a hydroxy group. A colourless, viscous, water-miscible liquid with a high (210℃) boiling point, it is used in the synthesis of certain polymers and as a solvent and antifreeze. It has a role as a protic solvent and a metabolite.прикладной
In adipate polyesters with other diols these diols are partly substituted by 1,3-propanediol (PDO) to break crystallinity in order to obtain liquid polyester polyols. In polyesters for powder coatings PDO improves the flexibility but lowers the glass transition temperature somewhat. PDO finds also uses in cosmetics and personal care products, engine coolants, and solvents for ink-jet and screen inks.прикладной
1,3-Propanediol is prepared as a by-product in the manufacture of glycerin by the saponification of fat. It is used to lower the freezing point of water and as a chemical intermediate. Industrial exposure is limited. It is also used to Solvent for thin film preparations, Vinyl epoxide synthon and reagent for epoxide ring-opening and polymerization reactions, Reagent for natural product syntheses.A new large market for 1,3-propanediol will be in polyester coatings and in the production of poly(trimethylene terephthalate), a new material for the production of high quality carpet fibers.
Биосинтез
1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) can be produced by fermentation from glycerol, with different strains such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium pasteurianum, and Citrobacter freundii. Drawbacks of industrial fermentation using these strains are strong inhibition of 1,3-PDO production and by-products during fermentation.Синтез
1,3-Propanediol is produced commercially by Degussa starting from acrolein.CH2CHCHO + H2O → HOHCH2CH2CHO
HOHCH2CH2CHO + H2 → HOHCH2CH2CH2OH
The addition of water under mild acidic conditions gives 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde with high selectivity. Preferentially buffer solutions with a pH 4-5 or weak acidic ion exchange resins are used as catalysts. Further hydrogenation of this aqueous solutions gives 1,3-propanediol. There is an alternative route via hydroformylation of ethylene oxide and subsequent hydrogenation of the intermediate 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde.
Методы очистки
Dry this diol with K2CO3 and distil it under reduced pressure. More extensive purification involves conversion with benzaldehyde to 2-phenyl-1,3-dioxane (m 47-48o) which is subsequently decomposed by shaking with 0.5M HCl (3mL/g) for 15minutes and standing overnight at room temperature. After neutralisation with K2CO3, the benzaldehyde is removed by steam distillation and the diol is recovered from the remaining aqueous solution by continuous extraction with CHCl3 for 1day. The extract is dried with K2CO3, the CHCl3 is evaporated and the diol is distilled. [Foster et al. Tetrahedron 6 177 1961, Beilstein 1 IV 2493.]1,3-пропандиол запасные части и сырье
1,3-пропандиол поставщик
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