1-метокси-2-пропанол

Химические свойства

colourless liquid

Использование

1-Methoxy-2-propanol acts as a good biological indicator.

Общее описание

A colorless liquid. Flash point near 89°F. Less dense than water. Contact irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Prolonged exposure to vapors may cause coughing, shortness of breath, dizziness and intoxication. Vapors heavier than air. Used as a solvent and as an antifreeze agent.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Highly flammable. Soluble in water. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick 1979 p.151-154, 164].

Профиль реактивности

1-Methoxy-2-propanol is a methoxy alcohol derivative. The ether being relatively unreactive. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.

Опасность

Flammable, moderate fire risk. TLV: 100 ppm; STEL 150 ppm.

Угроза здоровью

VAPOR: Irritating to eyes, nose, and throat. LIQUID: Irritating to skin and eyes.

Пожароопасность

FLAMMABLE. Flashback along vapor trail may occur. Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area.

Профиль безопасности

Moderately toxic by intravenous route. Mildly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. Human systemic effects by inhalation: general anesthesia, nausea. A skin and eye irritant. An experimental teratogen. Many glycol ethers have dangerous human reproductive effects. Very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Used as a solvent and in solvent-sealing of cellophane. See also GLYCOL ETHERS and ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER.

Возможный контакт

Propylene glycol monomethyl ether is used as a solvent for coatings; cellulose esters and acrylics; acrylics dyes; inks, and stains. It may also be used as a heat-transfer fluid.

Перевозки

UN3092 1-Methoxy-2-propanol, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.

преимущество

1-Methoxy-2-propanol has been used as an antifreeze material, principally in ebullient cooling systems and in some heavy-duty diesel engines. Because an azeotrope is formed between 1-methoxy-2-propanol and water, freeze protection also is provided in the vapor phase in ebullient cooling applications. On the other hand, 1-methoxy-2-propanol is more volatile and is more readily expelled along with water vapor through the crankcase vent system. 1-Methoxy-2-propanol also maintains lower metal temperatures than comparative glycolbased coolants. This was an advantage in rotary engines.

Несовместимости

Vapor may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, isocya- nates, aluminum, and copper. Hygroscopic (i.e., absorbs moisture from the air). May slowly form reactive peroxides during prolonged storage or on exposure to air and light.

Утилизация отходов

Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.