2,4-ДИХЛОРФЕНОЛ

Химические свойства

white to beige crystalline solid

Физические свойства

Colorless to yellow crystals with a sweet, musty, or medicinal odor. At 40 °C, the average odor threshold concentration and the lowest concentration at which an odor was detected were 29 and 5.4 μg/L, respectively. Similarly, at 25 °C, the average taste threshold concentration and the lowest concentration at which a taste was detected were 2.5 and 0.98 μg/L, respectively (Young et al., 1996).

Использование

2,4-Dichlorophenol is a chlorinated derivative of phenol and is used as an intermediate for the preparation of herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (D435680).

Определение

ChEBI: A dichlorophenol that is phenol carrying chloro substituents at positions 2 and 4.

Общее описание

Colorless crystalline solid with a medicinal odor. Melting point 45°C. Sinks in water. Strong irritant to tissues; toxic by ingestion.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Insoluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

2,4-Dichlorophenol can react vigorously with oxidizing agents. Can also react with acids or acid fumes. Incompatible with acid chlorides and acid anhydrides.

Угроза здоровью

Tremors, convulsions, shortness of breath, inhibition of respiratory system.

Профиль безопасности

Suspected carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and teratogenic data. Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and subcutaneous routes. An experimental teratogen. Mutation data reported. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. To fight fre, use alcohol foam, foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition, or on contact with acid or acid fumes, it emits hghly toxic fumes of Cl-. See also CHLOROPHENOLS.

Возможный контакт

2,4-Dichlorophenol is a commercially produced substituted phenol used in the manufacture of industrial and agricultural products; in synthesis of pharmaceuticals. As an intermediate in the chemical industry, 2,4-DCP is utilized as the feedstock for the manufacture of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 2,4-D derivatives (germicides, soil sterilants, etc.); certain methyl compounds used in mothproofing, antiseptics and seed disinfectants. 2,4-DCP is also reacted with benzene sulfonyl chloride to produce miticides or further chlorinated to pentachlorophenol, a wood preservative. It is thus a widely used pesticide intermediate. The only group expected to be at risk for high exposure to 2,4-DCP is industrial workers involved in the manufacturing or handling of 2,4-DCP and 2,4-D

Канцерогенность

In mammalian cells in vitro 2,4-DCP produced chromosomal aberrations and induced unscheduled DNA synthesis; it was negative for sister chromatid exchange in vivo and was mostly negative in bacterial assays.
Oral exposure of pregnant rats to 750mg/kg/day for 10 gestational days induced slightly decreased fetal weight, delayed ossification of sternal and vertebral arches, and some early embryonic deaths.10 Maternal deaths also occurred at this dose, indicating that 2,4-DCP was not selectively toxic to embryos or fetuses. No effects were noted in dams or offspring exposed at 375mg/kg/day.
A threshold limit value (TLV) has not been established for 2,4-dichlorophenol.

Перевозки

UN2020 Chlorophenols, solid, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials

Методы очистки

Crystallise it from pet ether (b 30-40o). Purify it also by repeated zone melting, using a P2O5 guard tube to exclude moisture. It is very hygroscopic when dry. [Beilstein 6 IV 885.]

Несовместимости

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, and epoxides. Contact with acids or acid fumes causes decomposition releasing poisonous chlorine gas. Incompatible with caustics, acid anhydrides; acid chlorides. Quickly corrodes aluminum; slowly corrodes zinc, tin, brass, bronze, copper and its alloys. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.

Утилизация отходов

Dissolve in a combustible solvent and incinerate in a furnace equipped with afterburner and scrubber. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≧100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal