TAK875

TAK-875是一种选择性GPR40激动剂，EC50为14 nM，比油酸有效400倍。 TAK-875 exhibits potent agonist activity and high binding affinity to the human GPR40 receptor with K_i of 38 nM. TAK-875 displays weaker affinity toward the rat GPR40 receptor with K_i of 140 nM. TAK-875 displays excellent selectivity, as TAK-875 has little agonist potency to other members of the FFA receptor family with EC50 of >10 μM. TAK-875 treatment induces a concentration-dependent increase in intracellular IP production in CHO-hGPR40 with EC50 of 72 nM, more potently than that of endogenous ligand agonist oleic acid which requires much higher ligand concentrations to activate the receptor with EC50 of 29.9 μM. Neither TAK-875 nor oleic acid elicits an IP response in control CHO cells devoid of hGPR40. Consistent with the activation of the Gqα-mediated signaling pathway, TAK-875 augments glucose-dependent insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells. Prolonged stimulation of GPR40/FFA1 by TAK-875 does not cause pancreatic β Cell dysfunction or induction of apoptosis. In a rat model of diabetes, single oral dosing of TAK-875 at 0.3-3 mg/kg reduces the blood glucose excursion and augments insulin secretion during an oral glucose tolerance test, when TAK-875 is administered 1 hour before an oral glucose challenge. In type 2 diabetic N-STZ-1.5 rats, administration of TAK-875 (1-10 mg/kg p.o.) shows a clear improvement in glucose tolerance and augments insulin secretion. Additionally, TAK-875 (10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly augments plasma insulin levels and reduces fasting hyperglycemia in male Zucker diabetic fatty rats, whereas in fasted normal Sprague-Dawley rats, TAK-875 neither enhances insulin secretion nor causes hypoglycemia even at 30 mg/kg. More potent at activating hGPR40 than oleic acid Fasiglifam (TAK-875)是一种选择性GPR40激动剂，在表达人GPR40的CHO细胞系中EC50为14 nM，比油酸有效400倍。

Target	Value
GPR40 (CHO cells expressing human GPR40)	14 nM(EC50)

TAK-875表现出有效的激动剂活性，并对人GPR40受体表现出高结合亲和力，K _i 为38 nM。TAK-875对大鼠GPR40受体表现出较弱的亲和力，K _i 为140 nM。TAK-875表现出良好的选择性，其对FFA受体家族的其他成员几乎没有激动作用，EC50 >10 μM。 TAK-875治疗诱导CHO-hGPR40中细胞内IP的产生浓度依赖性增加，EC50为72 nM，比需要更高配体浓度以激活受体的内源性配体的激动剂油酸(EC50为29.9 μM)更有效。在hGPR40缺失的对照组CHO细胞中，无论是TAK-875或是油酸，都不能诱发IP应答。与Gqα介导的信号通路激活一致，TAK-875增加胰岛β细胞中葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素分泌。TAK-875对GPR40/FFA1延长的刺激不会引起胰岛β细胞功能障碍或诱导细胞凋亡。

在糖尿病大鼠模型中，TAK-875以0.3-3 mg/kg单剂量口服给药降低血糖波动，并且口服葡萄糖刺激1小时之前，TAK-875给药能够增加口服葡萄糖耐量试验中的胰岛素分泌。在2型糖尿病N-STZ-1.5大鼠体内，TAK-875(1-10 mg/kg p.o.)给药明显提高葡萄糖耐受性，并增加胰岛素分泌。此外，在雄性Zucker 糖尿病肥胖大鼠体内，TAK-875 (10 mg/kg, p.o.)显著增加血浆胰岛素水平，并降低空腹高血糖，然而在禁食的正常Sprague-Dawley大鼠体内，TAK-875即使在30 mg/kg剂量，也不增强胰岛素分泌，且不会引起低血糖。