Sciadopitysin is a biflavonoid originally isolated from G. biloba and has diverse biological activities. It reduces cytotoxicity induced by amyloid-β (1-42) (Aβ42; ) in PC12 cells (EC50 = 9.84 μM). Sciadopitysin (0.1-10 μM) decreases methylglyoxal-induced insulin secretion, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cardiolipin peroxidation, and cytotoxicity in RIN-m5F pancreatic β-cells. It inhibits P-glycoprotein (P-gp; IC50 = 53.42 μM) and increases cellular toxicity of paraquat and paclitaxel in MDR1-MDCKII cells. Sciadopitysin inhibits RANKL-induced mRNA expression of the osteoclast-specific genes CTSK, TRAP, and MMP-9, activation of NF-κB, and osteoclastogenesis in a mouse model of LPS-induced bone loss.
