탄산나트륨(경회)

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Warning

• 유해·위험 문구

  H319：눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴

• 예방조치문구

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

  P337+P313：눈에 대한 자극이 지속되면 의학적인 조치· 조언를 구하시오.

탄산나트륨(경회) MSDS

• Sodium carbonate

탄산나트륨(경회) 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  소다회는 가성소다와 함께 알카리 산업의 대표적인 제품으로 화학산업의 기초원료로 널리 사 용되고 있습니다. 소다회 제조 방법은 당사와 같은 합성방법과 천연의 소다회 광물을 정제하는 천연소다회 방식이 있습니다. 천연소 다회 방식은 제조원가면에서 유리하나 지정학적으로 부존자원이 존재하는 미국에서 주로 생산되며, 기타국가에서는 합성방식을 채택 하고 있습니다.

• 용도

  · 유리공업 : 융점 강하제, 알칼리 성분 공급
   비누,세제 : 지방산 중화제, 세척기능 증진의 혼합제
  · 식품공업 : 장유제조, 버터.크림.카카오 제조시 중화제
  · 섬유공업 : 원모세정공정, 제품의 정련 및 표백제
  · 제지공업 : 섬유소의 연화제, pH 조정제
  · 화학공업 : 중조, 규산소다, 인산소다 제조 등
  ·기 타 : 화학약품의 중화제, 산업용수 연화제, 폐수처리제

• 순도시험

    이 품목을 70℃에서 건조한 다음 온도를 천천히 250～300℃까지 올리고 항량이 될 때까지 건조한 후 시험한다.

    (1) 용상 : 이 품목 1g을 물 20mL에 녹일 때, 그 액은 무색으로서 탁도는 약간 미탁 이하이어야 한다.

    (2) 비소 : 이 품목을 비소시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 4.0ppm 이하이어야 한다.

    (3) 납 : 「메타인산나트륨」의 순도시험 (2)에 따라 시험한다(2.0ppm 이하).

    (4) 수은 : 이 품목을 수은시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 1.0ppm 이하이어야 한다.

    (5) 염화물 : 이 품목 0.5g을 취해 묽은질산 6mL를 가하여 끓이고 식힌 다음 물을 가하여 100mL로 하고 그 중 10mL를 취하여 묽은질산 6mL를 가하여 이를 시험용액으로 하여 염화물시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 0.01N 염산 0.5mL에 대응하는 양 이하이어야 한다 .

• 확인시험

    이 품목은 확인시험법 중 탄산염 및 나트륨염의 반응을 나타낸다.

• 정량법

    이 품목을 건조한 다음 약 0.6g을 정밀히 달아 물 50mL에 녹여 0.5N 염산으로 적정한다(지시약 : 브로모페놀블루시액 3방울). 다만, 종말점 부근에서 끓여 이산화탄소를 날려 보낸 다음 식혀 적정을 계속한다.

  0.5N 염산 1mL ＝ 26.497mg Na₂CO₃

• 정의

    이 품목에는 결정물(1수염, 10수염) 및 무수물이 있고, 각각을 탄산나트륨(결정) 및 탄산나트륨(무수)이라 칭한다.

• 개요

  Sodium carbonate is known as soda ash or washing soda and is a heavily used inorganic compound. Approximately 45 million tons of soda ash are produced globally both naturally and synthetically. Soda ash is obtained naturally primarily from the mineral trona, but it can also be obtained from nahcolite (NaHCO3) and salt brine deposits. Trona is a freshwater sodium carbonate-bicarbonate evaporite, with the formula Na3CO3HCO3 .2H2O. The largest known deposit of trona is located in the Green River area of Wyoming, and other large deposits are found in Egypt’s Nile Valley and California’s Searles basin around the city of Trona. Soda ash is produced from mined trona by crushing and screening the ore and then heating it. Th is produces a soda ash mixed with impurities. Pure soda ash is obtained by dissolving the product and precipitating impurities combined with filtering processes.

• 화학적 성질

  Sodium carbonate, Na2C03, also known as soda or soda ash,is the most important of the industrial alkalis. It is a white or grayish-white, lumpy, water-soluble powder that loses its water of crystallization when heated. It decomposes at a temperature of about 852°C (1560°F). It exists in solution only. It is prepared by the combination of carbon dioxide and water.

• 물리적 성질

  Anhydrous sodium carbonate (soda ash, sal soda) is a white powder, which cakes and aggregates on exposure to air due to the formation of hydrates. The monohydrate, Na2CO3·H2O, is a white crystalline material, which is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol; r.d. 2.532; loses water at 109°C; m.p. 851°C. The decahydrate, Na2CO3·10H2O (washing soda), is a translucent efluorescent crystalline solid; r.d. 1.44; loses water at 32–34°C to give the monohydrate; m.p. 851°C.

• 출처

  Ash is a tree found in regions of North America

• 역사

  Sodium carbonate, Na₂CO₃, has been used historically for making glass, soap, and gunpowder. Along with potassium carbonate, known as potash, sodium carbonate was the basis of the alkali industry, which was one of the first major chemical industries. Throughout history, alkalis were obtained from natural sources. Soda ash was also produced by burning wood and leaching the ashes with water to obtain a solution that yielded soda ash when the water was boiled off. The name soda ash originates from the barilla plant, which was used to produce soda ash. The scientific name of this plant is Salsola soda, but it goes by the common names of sodawort or glasswort because the soda produced from it was used in making glass. Barilla is a common plant found in saline waters along the Mediterranean Sea in Spain and Italy. Barilla was dried and burned to produce soda ash. The depletion of European forests and international disputes made the availability of alkali salts increasingly uncertain during the latter part of the 18th century. LeBlanc proposed a procedure in 1783, and a plant based on LeBlanc’s method was opened in 1791. Unfortunately, LeBlanc’s association with French Royalty led to the confi scation of the plant at the time of the French Revolution. Furthermore, confl icting claims for LeBlanc’s method were made by several other chemists and he never received the reward.

• 용도

  Soda ash is used in glass making, in production of sodium chemicals (such as sodium chromates, phosphates, and silicates), in the wood pulp industry, in production of soaps and detergents, in oil refining, in water softening, and in refining of nonferrous metals. In its hydrous crystallized form (Na2C03.10H2O), it is known as sal soda,washing soda,or soda crystals, not to be confused with baking soda,which is sodium hydrogen carbonate or sodium bicarbonate (NaHC03). Its monohydrate form(Na2C03·H20) is the standard compound for scouring solutions.
  When in solution, sodium carbonate creates less alkalinity than the hydroxides. A 0.1% solution creates a pH of 11;a fully saturated solution is 35%, which has a pH of 12.5.
  The safety requirements for sodium carbonate, because of its lower alkalinity, can be considered less demanding than those for the related bicarbonates.

• 정의

  Sodium carbonate is an organic sodium salt and a carbonate salt. A dibasic acid formed in small amounts in solution when carbon dioxide dissolves in water: CO2 + H2O=H2CO2It forms two series of salts: hydrogencarbonates (HCO3–) and carbonates (CO32-). The pure acid cannot be isolated.

• 생산 방법

  Sodium carbonate is produced on all continents of the world from its minerals. It is present in large deposits in Africa and the United States as either carbonate or trona, a mixed ore of equal molar amounts of carbonate and bicarbonate. However, about 70% of the world production of sodium carbonate is manufactured by the Solvay (ammonia soda) process, whereby ammonia is added to a solution of sodium chloride. Carbon dioxide is then bubbled through to precipitate the bicarbonate (NaHCO3) that is decomposed by heat-producing sodium carbonate. In the United States. all production is based on the minerals that contain sodium carbonate. Different qualities of sodium carbonate are produced: technical, food, and pharmaceutical grades.

• 일반 설명

  Sodium carbonate is a water soluble inorganic salt commonly used as a weak base. Its aqueous solution has the ability to uptake carbon dioxide. It can also catalyze the conversion of sewage sludge to liquid fuels.

• Safety Profile

  Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by inhalation and subcutaneous routes. Mlldly toxic by ingestion. Experimental reproductive effects. A skin and eye irritant. It migrates to food from packagmg materials. Can react violently with Al, P2O5, H2SO4, F2, Li, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Na2O

• Purification Methods

  It crystallises from water as the decahydrate which is redissolved in water to give a near-saturated solution. By bubbling CO2, NaHCO3 is precipitated. It is filtered off, washed and ignited for 2hours at 280o [MacLaren & Swinehart J Am Chem Soc 73 1822 1951]. Before being used as a volumetric standard, analytical grade material should be dried by heating at 260-270o for 0.5hour and allowed to cool in a desiccator. It has a transition point at 450o, and its solubility in water is 21.58% at 20o (decahydrate in solid phase), 49.25% at 35o (heptahydrate in solid phase) and 44.88% at 75o(monohydrate in solid phase) [D.nges in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 987-988 1963]. After three recrystallisations, technical grade Na2CO3 had Cr, Mg, K, P, Al, W, Sc and Ti at 32, 9.4, 6.6, 3.6, 2.4, 0.6, 0.2 and 0.2 ppm respectively; another technical source had Cr, Mg, Mo, P, Si, Sn and Ti at 2.6, 0.4, 4.2, 13.4, 32, 0.6, 0.8 ppm respectively.

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