중탄산나트륨(중조)

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Warning

• 유해·위험 문구

  H303：삼키면 유해할 수 있음

  H319：눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴

• 예방조치문구

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

  P337+P313：눈에 대한 자극이 지속되면 의학적인 조치· 조언를 구하시오.

중탄산나트륨(중조) MSDS

• Sodium bicarbonate

중탄산나트륨(중조) 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  탄산수소나트륨(중조)은 천연으로 산출되는 경우도 있으나 이는 순도가 낮을 뿐 만 아니라 불순물을 다량 함유하므로, 일반적으로 소다회 용액에 이산화탄소를 흡수시키는 공업적 방 법이 널리 이용됩니다.
  주 용도는 복합 및 단미사료로서 약알칼리성 완충제로 사용되며, 식품첨 가 물로서 제빵·제과에 이용하는 베이킹파우더의 주원료로 사용됩니다. 또한 제혁공정중에 크롬 탄닝 (TANNING)후의 산 중화제로, 그외에 염료, 의약품원료등 다양한 용도로 사용됩니다. 알칼리원으로서 광범위하게 사용되고 있는 기초화학제품으로 섬유, 비누, 제지, 식품, 전 기 등 거의 모든 분야에 사용되고 있으며, 최근에는 환경오염 문제가 심각하게 대두됨에 따라 수질 및 대기오염 방지 시설에도 많이 사용되고 있습니다.

• 용도

  1) 식품첨가물 : 베이킹파우더의 주성분
  2) 사 료 용 : 완충제
  3) 피 혁 : 중 화제 (pH)조절용
  4) 의 약 : 소화제등
  5) 기 타 : 세척제, 지질안정제, 수처리제, 세제등

• 순도시험

    (1) 용상 : 이 품목 1g을 물 20mL에 녹일 때, 그 액은 징명하여야 한다.

    (2) 탄산염 : 이 품목 1g을 새로 끓여서 식힌 물 20mL에 15℃이하의 온도에서 수평으로 흔들어 녹이고 0.1N 염산 2mL를 가하여 이어 페놀프탈레인시액 2방울을 가할 때, 홍색을 나타내어서는 아니 된다.

    (3) 암모늄염 : 이 품목 1g을 가열할 때, 암모니아냄새를 발생하여서는 아니 된다.

    (4) 비소 : 이 품목을 비소시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 4.0ppm 이하이어야 한다.

    (5) 납 : 「메타인산나트륨」의 순도시험 (2)에 따라 시험한다(2.0ppm 이하).

    (6) 수은 : 이 품목을 수은시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 1.0ppm 이하이어야 한다.

    (7) 염화물 : 이 품목 0.5g을 취하여 묽은질산 5mL를 가하여 끓이고 식힌 다음 묽은질산 6mL를 가하고 이를 시험용액으로 하여 염화물시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 0.01N 염산 0.3mL에 대응하는 양 이하이어야 한다.

• 확인시험

    이 품목은 확인시험법 중 탄산수소염 및 나트륨염의 반응을 나타낸다.

• 정량법

    이 품목을 건조한 다음, 약 3g을 정밀히 달아 물 25mL에 녹여 1N 황산으로 적정한다(지시약 : 브로모페놀블루시액 3방울). 다만, 종말점 부근에서 끓여 이산화탄소를 날려 보낸 다음 식혀서 적정을 계속한다.

  1N 황산 1mL ＝ 84.01mg NaHCO₃

• 개요

  Sodium bicarbonate, which is the compound commonly called baking soda, exists as a white, odorless, crystalline solid. It occurs naturally as the mineral nahcolite, which derives its name from its chemical formula by replacing the “3” in NaHCO₃ with the ending “lite.” The world’s main source of nahcolite is the Piceance Creek Basin in western Colorado, which is part of the larger Green River formation. Sodium bicarbonate is extracted using solution mining by pumping hot water through injection wells to dissolve the nahcolite from the Eocene beds where it occurs 1,500 to 2,000 feet below the surface. The dissolved sodium bicarbonate is pumped to the surface where it is treated to recover NaHCO₃ from solution. Sodium bicarbonate can also be produced from the trona deposits, which is a source of sodium carbonates (see Sodium Carbonate).

• 화학적 성질

  Sodium bicarbonate, NaHC03, also known as sodium acid carbonate and baking soda, is a white water-soluble crystalline solid.It has an alkaline taste, loses carbon dioxide at 270°C (518 °F).and is used in food preparation. Sodium bicarbonate also finds use as a medicine,a butter preservative, in ceramics,and to prevent timber mold.

• 물리적 성질

  White crystalline powder or granules; monoclinic crystals; density 2.20 g/cm₃; decomposes around 50°C, begins to lose carbon dioxide; converts to sodium carbonate at 100°C; soluble in water, 10g/100 mL at 20°C; slowly decomposes to CO2 and Na2CO3 in aqueous solution at ambient temperature; decomposes to Na₂CO₃ in boiling water; aqueous solution slightly alkaline; pH of 0.1M solution at 25°C is about 8.3; insoluble in alcohol; decomposes in acids.

• 용도

  sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) is an inorganic salt used as a buffering agent and a pH adjuster, it also serves as a neutralizer. It is used in skin-smoothing powders.

• 정의

  Baking soda: A white solid formed either by passing an excess of carbon dioxide through sodium carbonate or hydroxide solution, or by precipitation when cold concentrated solutions of sodium chloride and ammonium hydrogencarbonate are mixed. Sodium hydrogencarbonate decomposes on heating to give sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide, and water. With dilute acids, it yields carbon dioxide. It is used as a constituent of baking powder, in effervescent beverages, and in fire extinguishers. Its aqueous solutions are alkaline as a result of salt hydrolysis. Sodium hydrogencarbonate forms monoclinic crystals.

• 생산 방법

  Sodium bicarbonate is manufactured either by passing carbon dioxide into a cold saturated solution of sodium carbonate, or by the ammonia–soda (Solvay) process, in which first ammonia and then carbon dioxide is passed into a sodium chloride solution to precipitate sodium bicarbonate while the more soluble ammonium chloride remains in solution.

• 일반 설명

  Odorless white crystalline powder or lumps. Slightly alkaline (bitter) taste. pH (of freshly prepared 0.1 molar aqueous solution): 8.3 at 77°F. pH (of saturated solution): 8-9. Non-toxic.

• 공기와 물의 반응

  Stable in dry air, but slowly decomposes in moist air. Moderately water soluble. Decomposes slowly in water (accelerated by agitation) .

• 반응 프로필

  Sodium bicarbonate reacts exothermically with acids to generate non-toxic carbon dioxide gas. Decomposes when heated. Incompatible with acids, acidic salts (dopamine hydrochloride, pentazocine lactate, many alkaloidal salts) aspirin and bismuth salicylate.

• 화재위험

  Literature sources indicate that Sodium bicarbonate is noncombustible.

• Pharmaceutical Applications

  Sodium bicarbonate is usually administered orally in order to regulate the serum pH. Imbalances of the plasma pH can be due to problems occurring in the kidneys such as renal tubular acidosis. Within the kidneys, blood is filtered before it passes through the tubular part of the nephrons where re-absorption or secretion of important salts and others takes place. In renal tubular acidosis, the kidneys either fail to filter or secrete acid ions (H+) from the plasma (secretion takes place in the distal tubule), or to recover bicarbonate ions (HCO3^-) from the filtrate (passive re-absorption takes place in the proximal tubule, active re-absorption at the distal tubule), which is necessary to balance the pH. In the view of this mode of action, the pharmaceutically active component of sodium bicarbonate is the bicarbonate anion, but the cation Na+ is responsible for solubility and compatibility.

• 생물학적 활성

  Commonly used laboratory reagent

• Safety Profile

  Low toxicity by ingestion. An experimental teratogen. A nuisance dust. Human systemic effects: changes in potassium levels, increased urine volume, metabolic acidosis, nausea or vomiting, respiratory changes, sodium level changes. Mutation data reported.

• Safety

  Sodium bicarbonate is used in a number of pharmaceutical formulations including injections and ophthalmic, otic, topical, and oral preparations.
  Sodium bicarbonate is metabolized to the sodium cation, which is eliminated from the body by renal excretion, and the bicarbonate anion, which becomes part of the body’s bicarbonate store. Any carbon dioxide formed is eliminated via the lungs. Administration of excessive amounts of sodium bicarbonate may thus disturb the body’s electrolyte balance, leading to metabolic alkalosis or possibly sodium overload with potentially serious consequences. The amount of sodium present in antacids and effervescent formulations has been sufficient to exacerbate chronic heart failure, especially in elderly patients.
  Orally ingested sodium bicarbonate neutralizes gastric acid with the evolution of carbon dioxide and may cause stomach cramps and flatulence.
  When used as an excipient, sodium bicarbonate is generally regarded as an essentially nontoxic and nonirritant material.
  LD50 (mouse, oral): 3.36 g/kg
  LD50 (rat, oral): 4.22 g/kg

• Purification Methods

  Crystallise it from hot water (6mL/g). The solid should not be heated above 40o due to the formation of carbonate.

• 비 호환성

  Sodium bicarbonate reacts with acids, acidic salts, and many alkaloidal salts, with the evolution of carbon dioxide. Sodium bicarbonate can also intensify the darkening of salicylates. In powder mixtures, atmospheric moisture or water of crystallization from another ingredient is sufficient for sodium bicarbonate to react with compounds such as boric acid or alum. In liquid mixtures containing bismuth subnitrate, sodium bicarbonate reacts with the acid formed by hydrolysis of the bismuth salt.
  In solution, sodium bicarbonate has been reported to be incompatible with many drug substances such as ciprofloxacin, amiodarone, nicardipine, and levofloxacin.

• Regulatory Status

  GRAS listed. Accepted for use as a food additive in Europe. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (injections; ophthalmic preparations; oral capsules, solutions, and tablets). Included in parenteral (intravenous infusions and injections) and nonparenteral medicines (chewing gums; ear drops; eye lotions; oral capsules, chewable tablets, effervescent powders, effervescent tablets, granules, soluble tablets, orodispersible tablets, and tablets; suppositories and suspensions) licensed in the UK.

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