염화 폴리비닐

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Warning

• 유해·위험 문구

  H315：피부에 자극을 일으킴

  H319：눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴

  H335：호흡 자극성을 일으킬 수 있음

• 예방조치문구

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

염화 폴리비닐 MSDS

• Polyvinyl chloride

염화 폴리비닐 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 물성

  PVC는 평시에 무척 안정적이지만 소각시 독성가스와 환경호르몬이 대량으로 나오게 되므로 반드시 분리수거를 해야한다. 이름에 염화가 들어가는 것을 보고 눈치 챈 사람도 있을지 모르겠지만 분자구조에 염소가 많이 들어간다. 고로 태우면 염소계열 화학물질이 나오며 바로 다이옥신이 대표적이다.

• 개요

  폴리염화 비닐은 열가소성 플라스틱의 하나로 강하고, 색을 내기 쉽고, 단단하거나 유연하고, 잘 마모되지 않는다.

• 용도

  인조 가죽·레코드판·포장재·파이프·전기절연체· 바닥재에 사용한다.

• 개요

  Polyvinyl chloride, commonly abbreviated PVC, is the thirdmost widely produced plastic, after polyethylene and polypropylene. PVC is used in construction because it is more effective than traditional materials such as copper, iron or wood in pipe and profile applications. It can be made softer and more flexible by the addition of plasticizers, the most widely used being phthalates. In this form, it is also used in clothing and upholstery, electrical cable insulation, inflatable products and many applications in which it replaces rubber.
  
  Pure polyvinyl chloride is a white, brittle solid. It is insoluble in alcohol, but slightly soluble in tetrahydrofuran.

• 화학적 성질

  Peroxide- or thiadiazole-cured CPE exhibits good thermal stability up to 150°C and is much more oil resistant than nonpolar elastomers such as natural rubber or EPDFM.
  Commercial products are soft when the chlorine content is 28–38%. At more than 45% chlorine content, the material resembles polyvinyl chloride. Higher-molecular-weight polyethylene yields a chlorinated polyethylene that has both high viscosity and tensile strength.

• 물리적 성질

  PVC is a thermoplastic polymer. Its properties for PVC are usually categorized based on rigid and flexible PVCs.
  Mechanical properties
  PVC has high hardness and mechanical properties. The mechanical properties enhance with the molecular weight increasing, but decrease with the temperature increasing. The mechanical properties of rigid PVC (uPVC) is very good, the elastic modulus can reach to 1500-3,000 MPa. The soft PVC (Flexible PVC) elastic is 1.5- 15 MPa. However, elongation at break is up to 200% -450%. PVC friction is ordinary, the static friction factor is 0.4-0.5, the dynamic friction factor is 0.23.
  Thermal properties
  The heat stability of PVC is very poor, when the temperature reaches 140 °C PVC starts to decompose. Its melting temperature is 160 °C. The linear expansion coefficient of the PVC is small and has flame retardancy, the oxidation index is up to 45 or more. Therefore, the addition of a heat stabilizer during the process is necessary in order to ensure the product's properties.
  Electrical properties
  PVC is a polymer with good insulation properties but because of its higher polar nature the electrical insulating property is inferior to non polar polymers such as poly ethylene and poly propylene.

• 용도

  Polyvinyl Chloride could be useful for the removal epoxidation catalyst from epoxidized unsaturated oils.

• 생산 방법

  In chlorinating polyethylene, chlorine atoms substitute for hydrogen atoms of the polyethylene chain in both crystalline and amorphous regions. The most common chlorination method is treating polyethylene powder in an aqueous suspension that contains hydrochloric acid and a free-radical initiator with chlorine gas. After the desired level of chlorination is obtained, the CPE is water washed and dried, and an antiblocking agent is then added.

• 정의

  ChEBI: A polymer composed of repeating chloroethyl units.

• 일반 설명

  Poly(vinyl chloride) [PVC] is a polymer which is mostly prepared from vinyl chloride monomer. In most cases PVC is mixed with heat stabilizers, lubricants, plasticizers, fillers, and other additives.

• 위험도

  Decomposes at 148C, evolving toxic fumes of hydrogen chloride. Pneumoconiosis, lower respi- ratory tract irritant, and pulmonary function effects. Questionable carcinogen.

• 공업 용도

  Among the vinyl polymers and copolymers, the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) thermoplastics are the most commercially significant. With various plasticizers, fillers, stabilizers, lubricants, and impact modifiers, PVC is compounded to be flexible or rigid, opaque or transparent, to have high or low modulus, or to have any of a wide spectrum of properties or processing characteristics.
  PVC resin can also be chlorinated (CPVC) and it can be alloyed with other polymers such as ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), acrylic, polyurethane, and nitrile rubber to improve impact resistance, tear strength, resilience, heat-deflection temperature, or processibility.
  PVC is a hard, flame-resistant, and chemicalresistant thermoplastic resin. The resin is available in the powder form, as a latex, or in the form of plastisol. PVC resin, pigments, and stabilizers are milled into plasticizers to form a viscous coating material (plastisol) that polymerizes into a tough elastic film when heated. Plastisols are used extensively for coating glass bottles and glass fabrics. The dispersion types of resins are used in flexible molding compounds. Such formulations consist of a vinyl paste resin, a suitable plasticizer such as dioctyl phthalate, and a stabilizer (usually a compound of lead). Flexible molds are widely applied to plaster casting and encapsulation of electronic circuits with epoxy resins.

• Safety Profile

  Chronic inhalation of dusts can cause pulmonary damage, blood effects, abnormal liver function. “Meat wrapper’s asthma” has resulted from the cutting of PVC films with a hot knife. Can cause allergic dermatitis. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Reacts violently with F2. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cland phosgene.

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