말토스(1수화물)

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Warning

• 유해·위험 문구

  H302：삼키면 유해함

  H315：피부에 자극을 일으킴

  H319：눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴

  H335：호흡 자극성을 일으킬 수 있음

• 예방조치문구

  P261：분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이의 흡입을 피하시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

말토스(1수화물) 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 화학적 성질

  White crystalline powder

• 용도

  D-(+)-Maltose monohydrate, is commonly found in foods and commonly utilized in brewing processes. It is also used in various culture media in the cell and tissue culture applications. D-(+)-Maltose Monohydrate is used as a substrate for α-glucosidase. It is also used as a substrate for the identification, differentiation and characterization of enzymes such as maltase(s); maltose α-D-glucosyltransferase(s); maltose-transporting ATPase(s); maltose O-acetyltransferase(s) and maltose epimerase(s) and phosphorylase(s). D-Maltose is used to study maltose-binding proteins and disaccharide transport systems.

• 생산 방법

  Maltose monohydrate is prepared by the enzymatic degradation of starch.

• 일반 설명

  Maltose monohydrate is commonly used as a tablet filler or excipient in pharmaceutical industry.
  Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.

• Pharmaceutical Applications

  Maltose is a disaccharide carbohydrate widely used in foods and pharmaceuticals. In parenteral products, maltose may be used as a source of sugar, particularly for diabetic patients.
  Crystalline maltose is used as a direct-compression tablet excipient in chewable and nonchewable tablets.

• Safety

  Maltose is used in oral and parenteral pharmaceutical formulations and is generally regarded as an essentially nontoxic and nonirritant material. However, there has been a single report of a liver transplantation patient with renal failure who developed hyponatremia following intravenous infusion of normal immunoglobulin in 10% maltose. The effect, which recurred on each of four successive infusions, resembled that of hyperglycemia and was thought to be due to accumulation of maltose and other osmotically active metabolites in the extracellular fluid.
  LD₅₀ (mouse, IV): 26.8 g/kg
  LD₅₀ (mouse, SC): 38.6 g/kg
  LD₅₀ (rabbit, IV): 25.2 g/kg
  LD₅₀ (rat, IP): 30.6 g/kg
  LD₅₀ (rat, IV): 15.3 g/kg
  LD₅₀ (rat, oral): 34.8 g/kg

• 저장

  Maltose should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place.

• Purification Methods

  Purify maltose by chromatography from aqueous solution on to a charcoal/Celite (1:1) column, wash it with water to remove glucose and other monosaccharides, then elute it with aqueous 75% EtOH. Crystallise it from water, aqueous EtOH or EtOH containing 1% nitric acid. Dry it as the monohydrate at room temperature under vacuum over H2SO4 or P2O5. Also purify it by dissolving it in MeOH, evaporating to a syrup which on standing for 12hours in contact with 1/10th its volume of H2O gives crystals of the monohydrate. Its iodine number is 55.5. The osazone has m 200o(dec) and [] D 20 +58o (c 1.4, H2O). [Howarth et al. J Chem Soc 793 1937, Beilstein 17 III/IV 3057, 17 V 189.]

• 비 호환성

  Maltose may react with oxidizing agents. A Maillard-type reaction may occur between maltose and compounds with a primary amine group, e.g. glycine, to form brown-colored products.

• Regulatory Status

  In the USA, maltose is considered as a food by the FDA and is therefore not subject to food additive and GRAS regulations. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (oral solutions). Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients. Included in parenteral products available in a number of countries worldwide.

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