アトラジン

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Warning

• 危険有害性情報

  H317：アレルギー性皮膚反応を起こすおそれ

  H373：長期にわたる、または反復暴露により臓器の障 害のおそれ

  H410：長期的影響により水生生物に非常に強い毒性

• 注意書き

  P260：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーを吸入しないこ と。

  P272：汚染された作業衣は作業場から出さないこと。

  P273：環境への放出を避けること。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P302+P352：皮膚に付着した場合：多量の水と石鹸で洗うこと。

  P314：気分が悪い時は、医師の診断/手当てを受けること。

アトラジン 価格

アトラジン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 外観

  白色～ほとんど白色粉末～結晶

• 解説

  アトラジン，ゲサプリムともいう．塩基の存在下，塩化シアヌルに各等モル量のエチルアミンとイソプロピルアミンを順次反応させると得られる．無色の粉末．融点175.8 ℃．水溶解度33 mg L－1(20 ℃)．アトラジンは光合成電子伝達を阻害する，いわゆるHill反応阻害剤であり，光化学系Ⅱの D1 タンパクに結合して，プラストキノンの結合を阻害することで，除草活性を発揮する．生化学研究用試薬．LD50 3080 mg/kg(ラット，経口)．

• 用途

  主たる用途は除草剤である。

• 農薬用途

  除草剤

• 化学的特性

  Atrazine is a colorless, crystalline solid. Although atrazine is very stable, it is only slightly soluble in water, but soluble in N-pentane, chloroform, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, and methanol. Atrazine is a broad-spectrum triazine herbicide and is used as a selective herbicide for weed control in corn and asparagus, in the culture of sugarcane and pineapple. Additionally, it is used as a total herbicide on roads and public places as well as on uncultivated ground in combination with amitrol, bromacil, dalapon, and growth promoters. Atrazine inhibits photosynthesis and other metabolic processes in plants. There are no natural sources of atrazine. It is produced from cyanuric acid chloride with ethylamine and isopropylamine. The reaction takes place successively in tetrachloromethane. All atrazine produced is released into the environment. The formulations include granules, water dispersible granules, liquid, suspension concentrate, wettable powder, and a combination with many other herbicides. Atrazine is compatible with various insecticides and fungicides.
  Atrazine was banned in the European Union (EU) in 2004 because of its persistent groundwater contamination. In the United States, however, atrazine is one of the most widely used herbicides, with 76 million pounds of it applied each year. It is probably the most commonly used herbicide in the world.

• 使用

  Atrazine is widely used as a selective herbicide to control broadleaf and grassy weeds in corn, sorghum, rangeland, sugarcane, orchards, pineapple, and turf grass sod. It is also used for selective weed control in conifer restoration and Christmas tree plantations. It is also used as a nonselective herbicide for vegetation control in noncrop land.

• 調製方法

  Atrazine is prepared by reacting cyanuric chloride with one equivalent of ethylamine, followed by one equivalent of isopropylamine in the presence of an acid-binding agent.

• 定義

  ChEBI: A diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine substituted by a chloro group at position 6 while one of hydrogens of each amino group is replaced respectively by an ethyl and a propan-2-yl group.

• 一般的な説明

  White crystalline solid. Melting point 173-175°C. Sinks in water. A selective herbicide used for season-long weed control in a variety of crops.

• 空気と水の反応

  Insoluble in water.

• 反応プロフィール

  Atrazine undergoes slow hydrolysis at 158° F under neutral conditions. Hydrolysis is more rapid in acidic or alkaline conditions. Forms salts with acids .

• 危険性

  Hematologic, preproductive and develop- mental effects. Questionable carcinogen.

• 火災危険

  Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating hydrogen chloride and toxic oxides of nitrogen may be formed.

• 作用机制

  光化学系Ⅱにおける電子伝達を阻害する

• 农业用途

  Atrazine is the generic name for 2-chloro-4-ethylamino- 6-isopropylamino-s-triazine.A trazine is an example of photosynthesis inhibitors and herbicides.
  Atrazine was the first s-triazine used in maize. The use of this herbicide and others in the same group has expanded to selective application in perennial crops and orchids as well as for non-crop and industrial sites.

• 薬理学

  In plants, themajor pathways of atrazine transformation include hydroxylation, N-dealkylation, and glutathione conjugation. Hydroxylation of atrazine and other s-triazines occurs in a wide range of plants and is considered a detoxification mechanism because hydroxyatrazine is not phytotoxic. Hydroxylation is catalyzed via reaction with the naturally occurring compound, benzoxazinone (127). A hypothetical ether-linked intermediate has been proposed to undergoes hydrolysis to produce hydroxylated triazine and regenerated benzoxazinone. This reaction occurs in many susceptible and resistant plant species, and the rate of this reaction is governed by the amount of benzoxazinone present in the tissue. The hydroxylation reaction predominates in root tissue, whereas GSH conjugation is more prominent in leaf tissue of plants containing a GST that has substrate specificity for atrazine. Because atrazine is a photosystem II (PS II) inhibitor, possession of a rapid detoxification system, such as a specific GST, is paramount to provide tolerance to this compound.

• 安全性プロファイル

  Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Mildly toxic by inhalation and skin contact. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. A skin and severe eye irritant. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of ClandNOx.

• 職業ばく露

  Atrazine is an herbicide and plant growth regulator used for season-long weed control in corn, sorghum, and certain other crops. Banned for use as a pesticide in the EU. US annual use . 75 millon pounds.

• 発がん性

  An increase in mammary adenomas and fibroadenomas was observed in female rats fed 1000 ppm, but not 500 ppm atrazine or less for their lifetime. An increase in the incidence of mammary carcinomas was seen at 70, 500, and 1000 ppm, but not at 10 ppm. The biological significance of these findings is not known but may be related to a hormonally mediated mechanism. Rats fed 375 or 750 ppmatrazine for 2 years showed an increase in mammary tumors in males at 750 ppm. Uterine carcinomas increased in both groups and the incidence of malignant tumors also increased in both sexes.

• 環境運命予測

  Atrazine is highly persistent in soil. In soil and water, atrazine degrades by hydrolysis, followed by biodegradation by soil microorganisms. Hydrolysis is rapid in acidic or basic environments, but is slower around neutral pH. Sunlight and evaporation do not affect its removal rate. Atrazine can persist for longer than 1 year under dry or cold conditions. It is moderately to highly mobile in soils with low clay or low organic matter content. Because it does not adsorb strongly to soil particles and has a lengthy half-life (60 to >100 days), it has a high potential for groundwater contamination despite being only moderately soluble in water. It is frequently detected in drinking water wells.

• 輸送方法

  UN2763 Triazine pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.

• 不和合性

  Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides.

• 廃棄物の処理

  Atrazine is hydrolyzed by either acid or base. The hydroxy compounds are generally herbicidally inactive, but their complete environmental effects are uncertain. However, the method appears suitable for limited use and quantities of triazine. Atrazine underwent .99% decomposition when burned in a polyethylene bag, and combustion with a hydrocarbon fuel would appear to be a generally suitable method for small quantities. Combustion of larger quantities would probably require the use of a caustic wet scrubber to remove nitrogen oxides and HCl from the product gases.

アトラジン 上流と下流の製品情報

アトラジン 生産企業

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アトラジン スペクトルデータ(¹HNMR、¹³CNMR、IR1、IR2、MS)

1912-24-9, アトラジン キーワード