セフピロム

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Warning

• 危険有害性情報

  H302：飲み込むと有害

  H315：皮膚刺激

  H319：強い眼刺激

  H335：呼吸器への刺激のおそれ

• 注意書き

  P261：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーの吸入を避ける こと。

  P301+P312：飲み込んだ場合：気分が悪い時は医師に連絡する こと。

  P302+P352：皮膚に付着した場合：多量の水と石鹸で洗うこと。

  P304+P340：吸入した場合：空気の新鮮な場所に移し、呼吸しやすい 姿勢で休息させること。

  P305+P351+P338：眼に入った場合：水で数分間注意深く洗うこと。次にコ ンタクトレンズを着用していて容易に外せる場合は外す こと。その後も洗浄を続けること。

セフピロム 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 効能

  抗生物質, 細胞壁合成阻害薬

• 説明

  This drug is resistant with respect to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases. Its spectrum of activity is analogous to that of the third-generation cephalosporin cefotaxime (32.1.2.56), although it is more active with respect to some staphylococci, enterococci, and also a few enterobacteria. Synonyms of this drug are cefrom, cedixen, and others.

• 使用

  Cephalosporin antibiotic Claforan

• 抗菌性

  A semisynthetic aminothiazoyl cephalosporin formulated as the sulfate for parenteral administration. Activity against common pathogens is similar to that of cefotaxime and ceftriaxone, but it is more active against Ps. aeruginosa. Unlike other cephalosporins it exhibits activity against some strains of enterococci (MIC 4–16 mg/L), but this is of doubtful clinical benefit. It is generally very stable to β-lactamases. It is active against strains of Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter spp., Hafnia spp., Providencia spp., Ser. marcescens and Pr. vulgaris producing molecular class C cephalosporinases. Sten. maltophilia is resistant.
  A 1 g intramuscular injection produces a plasma concentration of 25 mg/L after 1.6–2.3 h. A similar intravenous dose achieves a peak concentration of 97 mg/L. The plasma half- life is 1.4–2.3 h and protein binding is around 10%. It is well distributed, achieving therapeutic concentrations in tissues and exudates. It penetrates poorly into CSF in the absence of meningeal inflammation, but concentrations around 2–4 mg/L have been found in patients with purulent meningitis.
  Little, if any, of the drug is metabolized and most is excreted unchanged in the urine within 12 h, mainly by glomerular filtration. Clearance declines in proportion to renal function. Around 60% of the drug is removed in 3 h by hemodialysis. Low concentrations are found in breast milk.
  Side effects are those common to other cephalosporins. Diarrhea is common and occasional cases of pseudomembranous colitis have been reported.
  It is mainly used in the treatment of serious sepsis, particularly nosocomial infections in which resistant Gram-negative pathogens are known or suspected to be involved. It is not widely available, but is marketed in Japan.

• 臨床応用

  Cefpirome (Cefrom) is a newer parenteral, -lactamase–resistant cephalosporin with a quaternary ammonium groupat the 3-position of the cephem nucleus. Because its potencyagainst Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria rivals thatof the first-generation and third-generation cephalosporins,respectively, cefpirome is being touted as the first fourthgenerationcephalosporin. Its broad spectrum includesmethicillin-sensitive staphylococci, penicillin-resistantpneumococci, and β-lactamase–producing strains of E. coli,Enterobacter, Citrobacter, and Serratia spp. Its efficacyagainst P. aeruginosa is comparable with that of ceftazidime.Cefpirome is excreted largely unchanged in the urine with ahalf-life of 2 hours.

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84957-29-9, セフピロム キーワード